Challenges of ethical and legal responsibilities when technologies’ uses and users change: social networking sites, decision-making capacity and dementia
Challenges of ethical and legal responsibilities when technologies’ uses and users change: social networking sites, decision-making capacity and dementia
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技术用途和用户发生变化时的道德和法律责任挑战：社交网站、决策能力和痴呆症
DOI：
10.1007/s10676-012-9286-x
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发表时间：
2012
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
A. Milne
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
R. Batchelor;Ania Bobrowicz;R. Mackenzie;A. Milne
成功的技术无处不在，改变了用途、使用者和伦理法律责任和注意义务。我们将重点放在痴呆症上，以严格的伦理学方法审查决策能力受损的人增加使用社交网站(SNS)的伦理影响，评估相关各方的责任。尽管SNS合同承担了持续的决策能力，但许多用户的合同可能会受到损害或拒绝。由此产生的伦理法律问题包括对合同给予知情同意的能力，保护在线隐私，包括共享和控制数据，不同数字平台之间的数据泄露，以及数字身份和足迹的管理。SNS在医疗保健领域的使用引发了更多问题。作为“自我”档案的在线材料为容量受限的用户提供了现在和未来的身份。电子健康涉及为提供保健技术支持而收集的数据与用于社交网络目的的数据的实际和潜在交集。伦理法律指导仅限于在用户理解和/或同意分享有关其健康、药物或位置的个人数据的能力受损/降低的情况下使用SNS的影响。弱势成年人和家庭/照顾者在同意、数据保护、在线身份和法律责任方面面临不确定性。需要澄清技术提供者、医疗保健专业人员、监管机构和政策制定者的伦理法律责任和义务。
Successful technologies’ ubiquity changes uses, users and ethicolegal responsibilities and duties of care. We focus on dementia to review critically ethicolegal implications of increasing use of social networking sites (SNS) by those with compromised decision-making capacity, assessing concerned parties’ responsibilities. Although SNS contracts assume ongoing decision-making capacity, many users’ may be compromised or declining. Resulting ethicolegal issues include capacity to give informed consent to contracts, protection of online privacy including sharing and controlling data, data leaks between different digital platforms, and management of digital identities and footprints. SNS uses in healthcare raise additional issues. Online materials acting as archives of ‘the self’ bolster present and future identities for users with compromised capacity. E-health involves actual and potential intersection of data gathered for the purpose of delivering health technological support with data used for social networking purposes. Ethicolegal guidance is limited on the implications of SNS usage in contexts where users have impaired/reduced capacity to understand and/or consent to sharing personal data about their health, medication or location. Vulnerable adults and family/carers face uncertainty in regard to consent, data protection, online identity and legal liabilities. Ethicolegal responsibilities and duties of care of technology providers, healthcare professionals, regulatory bodies and policymakers need clarification.