CRUSTACEAN NEUROPEPTIDES - STRUCTURES, FUNCTIONS AND COMPARATIVE ASPECTS
CRUSTACEAN NEUROPEPTIDES - STRUCTURES, FUNCTIONS AND COMPARATIVE ASPECTS
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DOI：
10.1007/bf01928162
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发表时间：
1992-05-15
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影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
KELLER, R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
KELLER, R
在本文中，试图回顾目前已知的、完全鉴定的甲壳动物神经肽的结构、功能和分布。最重要的进展可能是在阐明来自 X 器官-窦腺系统的新大肽家族方面取得的进展，其中包括甲壳类高血糖激素 (CHH)、推定的蜕皮抑制激素 (MIH) 和卵黄生成（= 性腺）抑制激素 (VIH)。迄今为止，这些肽仅在甲壳类动物中发现。对心包神经血管器官重新产生的兴趣导致了许多心脏活性/肌向神经肽的鉴定，其中一些是甲壳类动物所独有的。神经系统中肽能神经元的免疫细胞化学图谱做出了重要贡献，这为几种神经肽一方面作为神经激素，另一方面作为局部递质或调节剂的多重作用提供了证据。这已得到生理学研究的证实。众所周知的色素调节激素、红色素浓缩激素（RPCH）和色素分配激素（PDH），通过证明其作为局部神经调节剂的额外作用而被置于更广阔的视野中。因此，甲壳动物神经肽的研究范围在过去几年中已大大拓宽。
In this article, an attempt is made to review the presently known, completely identified crustacean neuropeptides with regard to structure, function and distribution. Probably the most important progress has been made in the elucidation of a novel family of large peptides from the X-organ-sinus gland system which includes crustacean hyperglycemic hormone (CHH), putative molt-inhibiting hormone (MIH) and vitellogenesis (= gonad)-inhibiting hormone (VIH). These peptides have so far only been found in crustaceans. Renewed interest in the neurohemal pericardial organs has led to the identification of a number of cardioactive/myotropic neuropeptides, some of them unique to crustaceans. Important contributions have been made by immunocytochemical mapping of peptidergic neurons in the nervous system, which has provided evidence for a multiple role of several neuropeptides as neurohormones on the one hand and as local transmitters or modulators on the other. This has been corroborated by physiological studies. The long-known chromatophore-regulating hormones, red pigment concentrating hormone (RPCH) and pigment-dispending hormone (PDH), have been placed in a broader perspective by the demonstration of an additional role as local neuromodulators. The scope of crustacean neuropeptide research has thus been broadened considerably during the last years.