Diversified Regulation of Cytokinin Levels and Signaling During Botrytis cinerea Infection in Arabidopsis.
Diversified Regulation of Cytokinin Levels and Signaling During Botrytis cinerea Infection in Arabidopsis.
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拟南芥灰葡萄孢感染过程中细胞分裂素水平和信号传导的多样化调控
DOI：
10.3389/fpls.2021.584042
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
Chang L
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Li B;Wang R;Wang S;Zhang J;Chang L
细胞分裂素（CKs）可以调节植物对多种病原菌的免疫，但CKs如何参与植物对坏死型病原菌灰葡萄孢的防御反应仍然是未知的。在这里，我们发现B。灰霉病菌感染诱导多个基因的转录变化参与的生物合成，降解，CKs的信号，以及它们的内容，在病原体感染的拟南芥叶片。其中，CKX 5基因的表达在未接种病原菌的同一植株的局部感染叶片和远缘叶片中被显著诱导。顺式玉米素（cZ）及其核苷（cZR）在受B胁迫的叶片中大量积累，表明顺式玉米素型CK在植物对B的反应中起重要作用。灰叶细胞分裂素双受体突变体对B更敏感。而外源CK处理提高了防御相关基因、茉莉酸（JA）和乙烯（ET）的表达水平，但没有提高水杨酸（SA）的表达水平，从而提高了拟南芥对B的抗性。灰叶CK对B反应的研究。在JA生物合成突变体jar 1 -1和ET不敏感突变体ein 2 -1中，cinerea感染表明，在jar 1 -1感染的叶片中，CK信号传导和CK，即异戊烯基腺嘌呤（iP）、异戊烯基腺嘌呤核苷（iPR）和反式玉米素（tZ）的水平增强。相比之下，减少iP，iPR，tZ，和tZ核苷（tZR）以及cZR含量发生在ein 2 -1感染的叶片，其CK信号传导基因的转录水平同样差异调节。拟南芥响应调节因子5（ARR 5）基因在ein 2 -1感染的叶片中上调，而另一种A型响应调节因子ARR 16则显著下调，表明存在通过ET途径对CK信号的复杂调节。B中顺式玉米素型CK的蓄积。感染cinerea的叶片依赖于ET途径而不是JA途径。总的来说，我们的研究结果提供了CK对B有反应的证据。在拟南芥中，JA和ET途径以不同的方式调节灰霉病菌感染。
Cytokinins (CKs) can modulate plant immunity to various pathogens, but how CKs are involved in plant defense responses to the necrotrophic pathogen Botrytis cinerea is still unknown. Here, we found that B. cinerea infection induced transcriptional changes in multiple genes involved in the biosynthesis, degradation, and signaling of CKs, as well as their contents, in pathogen-infected Arabidopsis leaves. Among the CKs, the gene expression of CYTOKININ OXIDASE/DEHYDROGENASE 5 (CKX5) was remarkably induced in the local infected leaves and the distant leaves of the same plant without pathogen inoculation. Cis-zeatin (cZ) and its riboside (cZR) accumulated considerably in infected leaves, suggesting an important role of the cis-zeatin type of CKs in the plant response to B. cinerea. Cytokinin double-receptor mutants were more susceptible to B. cinerea infection, whereas an exogenous CK treatment enhanced the expression levels of defense-related genes and of jasmonic acid (JA) and ethylene (ET), but not salicylic acid (SA), resulting in higher resistance of Arabidopsis to B. cinerea. Investigation of CK responses to B. cinerea infection in the JA biosynthesis mutant, jar1-1, and ET-insensitive mutant, ein2-1, showed that CK signaling and levels of CKs, namely, those of isopentenyladenine (iP), isopentenyladenine riboside (iPR), and trans-zeatin (tZ), were enhanced in jar1-1-infected leaves. By contrast, reductions in iP, iPR, tZ, and tZ riboside (tZR) as well as cZR contents occurred in ein2-1-infected leaves, whose transcript levels of CK signaling genes were likewise differentially regulated. The Arabidopsis Response Regulator 5 (ARR5) gene was upregulated in infected leaves of ein2-1 whereas another type-A response regulator, ARR16, was significantly downregulated, suggesting the existence of a complex regulation of CK signaling via the ET pathway. Accumulation of the cis-zeatin type of CKs in B. cinerea-infected leaves depended on ET but not JA pathways. Collectively, our findings provide evidence that CK responds to B. cinerea infection in a variety of ways that are differently modulated by JA and ET pathways in Arabidopsis.
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影响因子：
11.8
作者：
Choi, Jaemyung;Huh, Sung Un;Hwang, Ildoo
通讯作者：
Hwang, Ildoo
影响因子：
7.7
作者：
Brütting C;Crava CM;Schäfer M;Schuman MC;Meldau S;Adam N;Baldwin IT
通讯作者：
Baldwin IT
影响因子：
7.4
作者：
Attaran, Elham;Major, Ian T.;Howe, Gregg A.
通讯作者：
Howe, Gregg A.
影响因子：
7.4
作者：
Grosskinsky, Dominik K.;Naseem, Muhammad;Roitsch, Thomas
通讯作者：
Roitsch, Thomas
影响因子：
7.2
作者：
Ferrari, S;Plotnikova, JM;Ausubel, FM
通讯作者：
Ausubel, FM