Cryptic Zooplankton Diversity Revealed by a Metagenetic Approach to Monitoring Metazoan Communities in the Coastal Waters of the Okhotsk Sea, Northeastern Hokkaido
Cryptic Zooplankton Diversity Revealed by a Metagenetic Approach to Monitoring Metazoan Communities in the Coastal Waters of the Okhotsk Sea, Northeastern Hokkaido
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DOI：
10.3389/fmars.2017.00379
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发表时间：
2017-01-01
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Nagai, Satoshi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Hirai, Junya;Katakura, Seiji;Nagai, Satoshi
监测浮游动物群落对于了解海洋生态系统的动态非常重要。然而，它是很难识别的隐种和未成熟阶段的浮游动物形态分类，这是费时，需要很高的技能水平。在这里，我们对2014年和2015年每周在日本北海道蒙别的鄂霍次克塔收集的101个浮游动物样品的18 S区域进行了宏成分析，并将该分析结果与形态分析结果进行了比较。宏发生分析检测到561个分子分类单位（MOTU），而形态学分析检测到201个分类群。浮游动物群落占主导地位的桡足类在整个采样期间，然而，非桡足类类群，其中包括高比例的MOTU（平均51.1%）和序列读数（平均19.1%），也很重要。隐生物多样性检测的宏成分析主要是由桡足类和底栖类群，如双壳类，腹足类，多毛类的幼虫。群落结构和多样性在温暖和寒冷的水之间变化，这表明与水温和季节性有很强的相关性。此外，宏成分析揭示了优势类群的详细季节变化，包括具有高分类分辨率的后生动物的幼虫阶段;这些包括具有重要商业价值的生物，如日本扇贝。宏成分析表明，在这一地区的水团和底栖-中上层相互作用的变化维持着丰富的浮游动物多样性的生态系统。宏成分析提供了新的见解浮游动物的多样性，并产生大量的序列数据，可用于未来的研究，因此，它被认为是一种有效的工具，用于监测浮游动物群落。
Monitoring zooplankton communities is important to understand dynamics in marine ecosystems. However, it is difficult to identify cryptic species and immature stages of zooplankton using morphological classification, which is time-consuming and requires high skill levels. Here, we conducted a metagenetic analysis of the 18S region in 101 zooplankton samples collected weekly throughout 2014 and 2015 at the Okhotsk Tower in Mombetsu, Hokkaido, Japan, and compared the results of this analysis with those provided by morphological analysis. The metagenetic analysis detected 561 molecular taxonomic units (MOTUs), whereas the morphological analysis detected 201 taxonomic groups. Zooplankton communities were dominated by copepods throughout the sampling period; however, non-copepod taxa, which comprised high proportions of both MOTUs (mean 51.1%) and sequence reads (mean 19.1%), were also important. Cryptic diversity detected by the metagenetic analysis was primarily driven by Copepoda and by the larvae of benthic taxa such as Bivalvia, Gastropoda, and Polychaeta. Community structure and diversity varied between periods of warm and cold water, indicating strong correlations with water temperature and thus seasonality. Furthermore, metagenetic analysis revealed detailed seasonal changes in dominant taxa, including larval stages of metazoans with high taxonomic resolutions; these included commercially important organisms such as Japanese scallops. The metagenetic analysis revealed that changes in both water mass and bentho-pelagic interactions sustain ecosystems rich in zooplankton diversity in this area. Metagenetic analysis provides novel insight into zooplankton diversity, and generates massive sequence data that may be used in future research; thus, it is considered an effective tool for monitoring zooplankton communities.