SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern Alpha and Delta show increased viral load in saliva.
SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern Alpha and Delta show increased viral load in saliva.
复制标题
值得关注的 SARS-CoV-2 变体 Alpha 和 Delta 显示唾液中病毒载量增加。
DOI：
10.1101/2022.02.10.22270797
复制
发表时间：
2022
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Dean,Delphine
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
King,KylieL;Wilson,Stevin;Napolitano,JustinM;Sell,KeeganJ;Rennert,Lior;Parkinson,ChristopherL;Dean,Delphine
背景：SARS-CoV-2感染中较高的病毒载量可能与新兴关注变体（VOC）的更快传播有关。快速发现和隔离病毒载量最高的病例，即使是在未出现症状或无症状的个体中，对于减轻社区疫情至关重要。在本研究中，我们分析了在南卡罗来纳州北部克莱姆森大学检测实验室收集的1297例SARS-CoV-2阳性患者唾液样本的Ct值。使用RT-qPCR鉴定样品为阳性，并在附近的商业实验室通过全基因组测序确定进化支信息。我们还获得了患者在测试时报告的症状和暴露信息。Ct值最低的是Delta（中位数：22.61,IQR: 16.72-28.51），其次是Alpha（23.93, 18.36-28.49）、Gamma（24.74, 18.84-30.64）和更具有历史意义的20G（25.21, 20.50-29.916）。Delta与其他支系的Ct值差异均有统计学意义（p <0.01）， Alpha与20G的Ct值差异均有统计学意义（p <0.05）。此外，无症状前或无症状患者（n = 1093）在Delta和所有其他分支之间具有相同的统计学差异（p.adj<0.01）；然而，有症状的患者（n = 167）在进化支之间没有显着差异。我们的每周检测战略确保在感染周期的早期发现病例，通常是在出现症状之前，从而减少了我国人口中的样本量。结论与其他历史分支相比，scovid -19变体α和δ在唾液中的病毒载量明显更高。这一趋势在未出现症状或无症状的个体中尤其明显，这为支持新出现的变异具有更高的传播性和更迅速的传播提供了证据。了解在社区内传播的变异病毒载量可以为公共政策和临床决策提供信息。
BackgroundHigher viral loads in SARS-CoV-2 infections may be linked to more rapid spread of emerging variants of concern (VOC). Rapid detection and isolation of cases with highest viral loads, even in pre- or asymptomatic individuals, is essential for the mitigation of community outbreaks.Methods and findingsIn this study, we analyze Ct values from 1297 SARS-CoV-2 positive patient saliva samples collected at the Clemson University testing lab in upstate South Carolina. Samples were identified as positive using RT-qPCR, and clade information was determined via whole genome sequencing at nearby commercial labs. We also obtained patient-reported information on symptoms and exposures at the time of testing. The lowest Ct values were observed among those infected with Delta (median: 22.61, IQR: 16.72–28.51), followed by Alpha (23.93, 18.36–28.49), Gamma (24.74, 18.84–30.64), and the more historic clade 20G (25.21, 20.50–29.916). There was a statistically significant difference in Ct value between Delta and all other clades (all p.adj<0.01), as well as between Alpha and 20G (p.adj<0.05). Additionally, pre- or asymptomatic patients (n = 1093) showed the same statistical differences between Delta and all other clades (all p.adj<0.01); however, symptomatic patients (n = 167) did not show any significant differences between clades. Our weekly testing strategy ensures that cases are caught earlier in the infection cycle, often before symptoms are present, reducing this sample size in our population.ConclusionsCOVID-19 variants Alpha and Delta have substantially higher viral loads in saliva compared to more historic clades. This trend is especially observed in individuals who are pre- or asymptomatic, which provides evidence supporting higher transmissibility and more rapid spread of emerging variants. Understanding the viral load of variants spreading within a community can inform public policy and clinical decision making.