Vitamin D and bone health: potential mechanisms.
Vitamin D and bone health: potential mechanisms.
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DOI：
10.3390/nu2070693
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发表时间：
2010-07
期刊：
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
Wallace J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Laird E;Ward M;McSorley E;Strain JJ;Wallace J
骨质疏松症与发病率、死亡率增加以及巨大的经济和健康成本有关。维生素 D 是一种钙吸收和骨矿化所必需的分泌激素，与骨矿物质密度 [BMD] 呈正相关。众所周知，长期严重的维生素 D 缺乏会导致儿童佝偻病和成人骨软化症。据报道，许多人群的维生素 D 状况均未达到最佳状态，但对于老年人来说，这一问题尤其值得关注；因此，显然需要有效的策略来优化骨骼健康。最近的许多研究表明，维生素 D 在预防骨折方面的作用可能是通过其对肌肉功能（肌肉功能缺陷是佝偻病的典型症状之一）和炎症的调节作用实现的。研究表明，补充维生素 D 可以提高肌肉力量，从而有助于降低跌倒发生率，而跌倒是导致骨折发生率的最大因素之一。骨质疏松症通常被认为是一种炎症性疾病，促炎细胞因子与骨代谢增加有关。因此，维生素 D 的免疫调节机制可能会调节这些细胞因子对骨骼健康和随后骨折风险的影响。因此，维生素 D 可能通过多种不同的机制影响骨折风险。
Osteoporosis is associated with increased morbidity, mortality and significant economic and health costs. Vitamin D is a secosteriod hormone essential for calcium absorption and bone mineralization which is positively associated with bone mineral density [BMD]. It is well-established that prolonged and severe vitamin D deficiency leads to rickets in children and osteomalacia in adults. Sub-optimal vitamin D status has been reported in many populations but it is a particular concern in older people; thus there is clearly a need for effective strategies to optimise bone health. A number of recent studies have suggested that the role of vitamin D in preventing fractures may be via its mediating effects on muscle function (a defect in muscle function is one of the classical signs of rickets) and inflammation. Studies have demonstrated that vitamin D supplementation can improve muscle strength which in turn contributes to a decrease in incidence of falls, one of the largest contributors to fracture incidence. Osteoporosis is often considered to be an inflammatory condition and pro-inflammatory cytokines have been associated with increased bone metabolism. The immunoregulatory mechanisms of vitamin D may thus modulate the effect of these cytokines on bone health and subsequent fracture risk. Vitamin D, therefore, may influence fracture risk via a number of different mechanisms.
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影响因子：
6.2
作者：
Abrahamsen, B;Bonnevie-Nielsen, V;Beck-Nielsen, H
通讯作者：
Beck-Nielsen, H
影响因子：
--
作者：
Aloia, JF;Talwar, SA;Yeh, J
通讯作者：
Yeh, J
影响因子：
8
作者：
Barrueto, F;Wang-Flores, HH;Nelson, LS
通讯作者：
Nelson, LS
影响因子：
105.7
作者：
Abrahamsen, B.;Masud, T.;Francis, R. M.
通讯作者：
Francis, R. M.
DOI：
10.1111/j.1532-5415.2006.00696.x
发表时间：
2006-05-01
影响因子：
6.3
作者：
Agrawal, S;Krueger, DC;Binkley, NC
通讯作者：
Binkley, NC