Potential Roles of Environmental and Socio-Economic Factors in the Distribution of Insecticide Resistance in Anopheles gambiae sensu lato (Culicidae: Diptera) Across Togo, West Africa
Potential Roles of Environmental and Socio-Economic Factors in the Distribution of Insecticide Resistance in Anopheles gambiae sensu lato (Culicidae: Diptera) Across Togo, West Africa
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DOI：
10.1093/jme/tjaa023
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发表时间：
2020-07-01
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Ketoh, Guillaume Koffivi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Ahadji-Dabla, Koffi Mensah;Romero-Alvarez, Daniel;Ketoh, Guillaume Koffivi
世界卫生组织建议的病媒控制策略受到按蚊对杀虫剂的抗药性的威胁。为了解决这个问题，越来越需要有关疟疾病媒耐药基因型分布的信息。多哥各地收集了十年来关于疟疾病媒易感性/耐药性和耐药基因的已发表和未发表的数据。使用随机化测试来测试抗性状态的空间分布与环境、社会经济和景观特征之间的关系，并计算蚊子死亡率与不同网格值之间的斯皮尔曼等级和皮尔逊相关系数。冈比亚按蚊对滴滴涕、拟除虫菊酯以及大多数氨基甲酸酯和有机磷酸酯具有抗性。发现冈比亚按蚊、柯鲁按按蚊和阿拉伯按蚊这 3 个兄弟物种具有 4 个抗性基因，包括 kdr（L1014F、L1014S 和 N1575Y）和 acel（G119S）。最常见的抗性基因是 L1014F。总体而言，未发现敏感性/抗性状态与环境特征之间存在关联，这表明抗性的进化可能与当地杀虫剂使用的极端选择密切相关。尽管如此，还需要进一步的研究来确定这种关联性的缺乏以及景观特征（例如农作物的存在和树木覆盖百分比）的潜在作用。
Vector control strategies recommended by the World Health Organization are threatened by resistance of Anopheles mosquitoes to insecticides. Information on the distribution of resistant genotypes of malaria vectors is increasingly needed to address the problem. Ten years of published and unpublished data on malaria vector susceptibility/resistance and resistance genes have been collected across Togo. Relationships between the spatial distribution of resistance status and environmental, socio-economic, and landscape features were tested using randomization tests, and calculating Spearman rank and Pearson correlation coefficients between mosquito mortality and different gridded values. Anopheles gambiae sensu lato was resistant to DDT, pyrethroids, and the majority of carbamates and organophosphates. Three sibling species were found (i.e., An. gambiae, Anopheles coluzzii, and Anopheles arabiensis) with four resistance genes, including kdr (L1014F, L1014S, and N1575Y) and acel (G119S).The most frequent resistance gene was L1014F. Overall, no association was found between the susceptibility/resistance status and environmental features, suggesting that evolution of resistance may be most closely related to extreme selection from local insecticide use. Nevertheless, further research is necessary for firm conclusions about this lack of association, and the potential role of landscape characteristics such as presence of crops and percentage of tree cover.