Electrochemical processes and mechanistic aspects of field-effect sensors for biomolecules.
Electrochemical processes and mechanistic aspects of field-effect sensors for biomolecules.
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DOI：
10.1039/c5tc00755k
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发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Katz HE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Huang W;Diallo AK;Dailey JL;Besar K;Katz HE
电子生物传感是测定生物分子浓度的领先技术。在某些情况下，分析物分子的存在引起电流的测量变化，而在其他情况下，建立新的电势差。在场效应生物传感器的特定情况下，电势差被监测为装置中其他地方（诸如跨底层半导体的膜）的电导的变化。通常，导致这些反应的机制并不明确。由于对这些机制的更好理解将导致性能的改善，因此重要的是要强调那些研究各种机制可能性的研究。这篇评论探讨了一系列可能的机械贡献的场效应生物传感器信号。首先，我们定义了场效应生物传感器和化学相互作用，导致场效应，其次是一节的理论和机制的背景。然后，我们讨论场效应生物传感器中使用的材料以及改善场效应生物传感器信号的方法。我们特别涵盖了生物分子的相互作用，产生局部电场，结构和生物分析物溶液和电子材料之间的界面过程，用于生物化学传感器的半导体，用于顶栅传感器的介电层，以及将表面电压变化转换为电路中更高的信号/噪声输出的机制。
Electronic biosensing is a leading technology for determining concentrations of biomolecules. In some cases, the presence of an analyte molecule induces a measured change in current flow, while in other cases, a new potential difference is established. In the particular case of a field effect biosensor, the potential difference is monitored as a change in conductance elsewhere in the device, such as across a film of an underlying semiconductor. Often, the mechanisms that lead to these responses are not specifically determined. Because improved understanding of these mechanisms will lead to improved performance, it is important to highlight those studies where various mechanistic possibilities are investigated. This review explores a range of possible mechanistic contributions to field-effect biosensor signals. First, we define the field-effect biosensor and the chemical interactions that lead to the field effect, followed by a section on theoretical and mechanistic background. We then discuss materials used in field-effect biosensors and approaches to improving signals from field-effect biosensors. We specifically cover the biomolecule interactions that produce local electric fields, structures and processes at interfaces between bioanalyte solutions and electronic materials, semiconductors used in biochemical sensors, dielectric layers used in top-gated sensors, and mechanisms for converting the surface voltage change to higher signal/noise outputs in circuits.