The basal ganglia and chunking of action repertoires
The basal ganglia and chunking of action repertoires
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DOI：
10.1006/nlme.1998.3843
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发表时间：
1998-07-01
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Graybiel, AM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Graybiel, AM
基底神经节已被证明有助于习惯和刺激反应（S-R）学习。这些学习形式具有缓慢习得的特性，在人类中，可以在没有意识的情况下发生。本文提出，基底神经节为基础的学习的一个方面是纹状体内的皮质衍生信息的重新编码。模块化的皮质纹状体投影模式，实验证明，被视为生产重新编码的模板，适合逐步选择新的输入输出关系，在皮质基底神经节环。纹状体投射神经元和中间神经元的记录表明，在S-R学习过程中，纹状体的活动模式逐渐改变。有人提出，这种纹状体内的重新编码可以将运动和认知动作序列的表征分块，以便它们可以作为性能单元来实现。该方案将米勒的信息组块概念推广到动作控制。动作组块的形成和有效执行被认为是基于预测信号。有人建议，信息组块提供了一种机制的收购和表达的动作剧目，没有这样的信息压缩将是生物笨拙或难以实现。因此，基底神经节的学习和记忆功能被视为基底神经节对运动和认知模式发生器的影响的核心特征。(C)北京：科学出版社.
The basal ganglia have been shown to contribute to habit and stimulus-response (S-R) learning. These forms of learning have the property of slow acquisition and, in humans, can occur without conscious awareness. This paper proposes that one aspect of basal ganglia-based learning is the recoding of cortically derived information within the striatum. Modular corticostriatal projection patterns, demonstrated experimentally, are viewed as producing recoded templates suitable for the gradual selection of new input-output relations in cortico-basal ganglia loops. Recordings from striatal projection neurons and interneurons show that activity patterns in the striatum are modified gradually during the course of S-R learning. It is proposed that this recoding within the striatum can chunk the representations of motor and cognitive action sequences so that they can be implemented as performance units. This scheme generalizes Miller's notion of information chunking to action control. The formation and the efficient implementation of action chunks are viewed as being based on predictive signals. It is suggested that information chunking provides a mechanism for the acquisition and the expression of action repertoires that, without such information compression would be biologically unwieldy or difficult to implement. The learning and memory functions of the basal ganglia are thus seen as core features of the basal ganglia's influence on motor and cognitive pattern generators. (C) 1998 Academic Press.