When appearance does not match accent: neural correlates of ethnicity-related expectancy violations
When appearance does not match accent: neural correlates of ethnicity-related expectancy violations
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DOI：
10.1093/scan/nsw148
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发表时间：
2017-03-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Wiese, Holger
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hansen, Karolina;Steffens, Melanie C.;Wiese, Holger
神经科学和社会心理学中关于种族的大多数研究都集中在视觉线索上。然而，口音是种族的核心社会标志，并强烈影响他人的评价。在这里，我们研究如何不同的听觉（语音口音）和视觉（面部外观）的信息，其他影响神经相关的种族相关的期望违规。参与者听标准的德国和土耳其口音的发言者，随后呈现的面孔，其种族外观是一致或不一致的这些声音。我们预计，不一致的目标（例如德国口音/土耳其面孔）将被一个更负的N2事件相关脑电位（ERP）组件所取代。结果证实了这一点，这表明，不一致性与土耳其和德国的目标面孔更努力的处理。这些目标也被主观地认为是令人惊讶的。此外，土耳其人和德国人面孔的ERP反应的不同偏侧化表明，潜在的神经发生器不同，可能反映了对这些目标的不同情绪反应。行为反应表现出违反预期的效果：德国口音的土耳其人看目标被评估为最有能力的所有目标。我们认为，将神经和行为的预期违反措施，并使用视觉和听觉信息，产生一个更完整的图片的过程中的印象形成。
Most research on ethnicity in neuroscience and social psychology has focused on visual cues. However, accents are central social markers of ethnicity and strongly influence evaluations of others. Here, we examine how varying auditory (vocal accent) and visual (facial appearance) information about others affects neural correlates of ethnicity-related expectancy violations. Participants listened to standard German and Turkish-accented speakers and were subsequently presented with faces whose ethnic appearance was either congruent or incongruent to these voices. We expected that incongruent targets (e.g. German accent/Turkish face) would be paralleled by a more negative N2 event-related brain potential (ERP) component. Results confirmed this, suggesting that incongruence was related to more effortful processing of both Turkish and German target faces. These targets were also subjectively judged as surprising. Additionally, varying lateralization of ERP responses for Turkish and German faces suggests that the underlying neural generators differ, potentially reflecting different emotional reactions to these targets. Behavioral responses showed an effect of violated expectations: German-accented Turkish-looking targets were evaluated as most competent of all targets. We suggest that bringing together neural and behavioral measures of expectancy violations, and using both visual and auditory information, yields a more complete picture of the processes underlying impression formation.