Amount of Time to Eat Lunch Is Associated with Children's Selection and Consumption of School Meal Entrée, Fruits, Vegetables, and Milk.
Amount of Time to Eat Lunch Is Associated with Children's Selection and Consumption of School Meal Entrée, Fruits, Vegetables, and Milk.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jand.2015.07.019
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发表时间：
2016-01
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Rimm EB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cohen JFW;Jahn JL;Richardson S;Cluggish SA;Parker E;Rimm EB
目前还没有关于学校午餐时间长短的国家标准，关于学生必须进食的时间与学校食物选择和消费之间的联系也知之甚少。从膳食研究(2011-2012学年)检查控制组学生的餐盘垃圾测量，以了解进食时间与学校膳食选择和消费的关系。一项前瞻性研究，在学年中对学生进行最多六次重复测量。1001名3-8年级的学生在城市低收入学区的6所参与小学/中学就读，那里的午餐时间从20-30分钟不等。学校食物的选择和消费采用餐盘废弃法收集。Logistic回归和混合模型方差分析用于检验食物的选择和消费。与学生至少有25分钟进食时选择膳食成分相比，与学生进食少于20分钟时相比，学生选择水果的可能性显著降低(44%对57%；p=0.0001)。在主菜、牛奶或蔬菜的选择上没有显著差异。在那些选择用餐成分的学生中，与至少25分钟用餐时相比，用餐时间少于20分钟的学生消耗的主菜(p<；0.0001)减少了13%，牛奶(p<；0.0001)减少了10%，蔬菜(p=0.0002)减少了12%。在整个学年中，相当多的学生没有足够的时间吃饭，这与有更多时间吃饭的学生相比，主菜、牛奶和蔬菜的消费量显著减少有关。学校的政策鼓励午餐至少有25分钟的坐着时间，这可能会减少食物浪费，改善饮食摄入量。
There are currently no national standards for school lunch period lengths and little is known about the association between the amount of time students have to eat and school food selection and consumption. To examine plate waste measurements from students in the control arm from the MEALS study (2011-2012 school year) for the association of the amount of time to eat with school meal selection and consumption. Prospective study using up to six repeated measures among students over the school year. 1001 students in grades 3-8 attending 6 participating elementary/middle schools in an urban, low-income school district where lunch period lengths varied from 20-30 minutes. School food selection and consumption were collected using plate waste methodology. Logistic regression and mixed-model ANOVA was used to examine food selection and consumption. Compared with meal component selection when students had at least 25 minutes to eat, students were significantly less likely to select a fruit (44% vs. 57%; p=0.0001) compared with when students had fewer than 20 minutes to eat. There were no significant differences in entrée, milk, or vegetable selection. Among those who selected a meal component, students with fewer than 20 minutes to eat consumed 13% less of their entrée (p<0.0001), 10% less of their milk (p<0.0001), and 12% less of their vegetable (p=0.0002) compared to when students had at least 25 minutes to eat. Over the school year, a substantial number of students had insufficient time to eat, which was associated with significantly decreased entrée, milk, and vegetable consumption compared with students who had more time to eat. School policies that encourage lunches with at least 25 minutes of seated time may reduce food waste and improve dietary intake.