Impact of high temperatures in maize: Phenology and yield components
Impact of high temperatures in maize: Phenology and yield components
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DOI：
10.1016/j.fcr.2017.11.013
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发表时间：
2018-02-01
影响因子：
5.8
通讯作者：
Rodriguez, A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lizaso, J. I.;Ruiz-Rarnos, M.;Rodriguez, A.
高温胁迫是当前和未来全球玉米生产的主要威胁。玉米对未来更温暖条件的适应需要提高我们对作物对高温反应的理解。为此目的，相同的短季（FAO 300）玉米杂交种PR37N01在三个不同的西班牙地点的温度制度方面的三年的田间试验。这些信息补充了三年来对同一种杂交种进行的温室实验，在作物周期的各个关键时刻进行热处理。作物物候，生长，粮食产量和产量构成因素进行了监测。优化的β函数改进了热时间的计算相比，线性截止估计与基础和最佳温度分别为8和34摄氏度。我们的研究结果表明，较高的温度加快发育速度，导致营养和生殖阶段缩短（约。整个周期为30天）。热应力并没有导致吐丝延迟开花（延长开花吐丝间隔），至少在本研究中考虑的温度范围内（最高温度高达42.9摄氏度的领域和高达52.5摄氏度的温室）。我们的研究结果表明，热胁迫下玉米籽粒产量的降低主要是通过花粉活力来决定籽粒数量，尽管也检测到雌性成分的影响较小但显着。
Heat stress is a main threat to current and future global maize production. Adaptation of maize to future warmer conditions requires improving our understanding of crop responses to elevated temperatures. For this purpose, the same short-season (FAO 300) maize hybrid PR37N01 was grown over three years of field experiments on three contrasting Spanish locations in terms of temperature regime. The information complemented three years of greenhouse experiments with the same hybrid, applying heat treatments at various critical moments of the crop cycle. Crop phenology, growth, grain yield, and yield components were monitored. An optimized beta function improved the calculation of thermal time compared to the linear-cutoff estimator with base and optimum temperatures of 8 and 34 degrees C, respectively. Our results showed that warmer temperatures accelerate development rate resulting in shorter vegetative and reproductive phases (ca. 30 days for the whole cycle). Heat stress did not cause silking delay in relation to anthesis (extended anthesis-silking interval), at least in the range of temperatures (maximum temperature up to 42.9 degrees C in the field and up to 52.5 degrees C in the greenhouse) considered in this study. Our results indicated that maize grain yield is reduced under heat stress mainly via pollen viability that in turn determines kernel number, although a smaller but significant effect of the female component has been also detected.