Structure and function of the human frontal lobe
Structure and function of the human frontal lobe
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人类额叶的结构和功能
DOI：
10.1016/0028-3932(64)90005-3
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发表时间：
1964
期刊：
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
F. Sanides
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
F. Sanides
对人类额叶的细胞构筑和髓构筑的研究指出，这是构筑“渐变”的基本原理，即建筑特征在恒定方向上不连续的逐步变化。起源于系统发育较老的周围皮质，如扣带回、基本嗅皮层、脑岛和中央前运动皮质的渐变决定了较新的前额叶皮质的结构。因此，它们代表了进化过程中的分化方向。通常所说的辅助运动和次级感觉运动表征，从层级流动的角度来看，似乎是原运动和原感觉运动表征。经典的运动表象则相反，是一项较新的系统发育研究成果。根据进化方向讨论了高额叶功能与脑干网状核的关系。感觉和行为人格障碍的眼眶综合征被认为是由于眼眶皮质在分级系统中的特殊位置所致。
Cytoarchitectural and myeloarchitectural investigations of the human frontal lobe in adjoining serial sections of the same hemispheres pointed out as basic principle of architecture “gradations”, i.e. discontinous stepwise changes of architectural features in constant orientation.The gradations originating from phylogenetically older surrounding cortices as cingulate gyrus, basal olfactory cortex, insula and precentral motor cortex determine the structure of more recent prefrontal cortex. Therefore they represent directions of differentiations during evolution.What is generally called supplementary motor and secondary sensorimotor representation, appears to be the protomotor and protosensorimotor representation when considered in the light of the flow of the gradations. The classic motor representation appears contrariwise as a more recent achievement in phylogenesis.The relationship of the high frontal functions to the reticular core of the brain stem is discussed in the light of evolutional directions of differentiation.The orbital syndrome of impairment of personality in feeling and acting is considered as resulting from the special position of the orbital cortex in the system of gradations.