Integrating and Differentiating Aspects of Self-Regulation: Effortful Control, Executive Functioning, and Links to Negative Affectivity
Integrating and Differentiating Aspects of Self-Regulation: Effortful Control, Executive Functioning, and Links to Negative Affectivity
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DOI：
10.1037/a0029536
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发表时间：
2013-02-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Bachmann, Melissa N.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bridgett, David J.;Oddi, Kate B.;Bachmann, Melissa N.
心理学中的分支学科经常从不同的框架来研究自我调节，尽管概念上的定义相似。在目前的研究中，努力控制之间的相似性和差异，基于气质的心理生物学模型（Rothbart，Derryberry，& Posner，1994），和执行功能进行了检查和实证检验的三项研究（n = 509）。结构方程模型表明，努力控制和执行功能是密切相关和重叠的结构（研究1）。此外，结果表明，努力控制与工作记忆中更新/监测信息的执行功能有关，而不是抑制（研究2和3）。研究3还表明，更好地更新/监测工作记忆中的信息和更好的努力控制是唯一与较低的性格负面影响，而低/差抑制的执行功能是唯一与表达负面影响的倾向增加。此外，倾向性消极影响调解努力控制之间的联系，并分别更新/监测工作记忆中的信息和表达消极影响的倾向的执行功能。这些研究结果的理论意义进行了讨论，并提出了一个潜在的框架，指导未来的工作，在整合和区分方面的自我调节。
tSubdisciplines within psychology frequently examine self-regulation from different frameworks despite conceptually similar definitions of constructs. In the current study, similarities and differences between effortful control, based on the psychobiological model of temperament (Rothbart, Derryberry, & Posner, 1994), and executive functioning are examined and empirically tested in three studies (n = 509). Structural equation modeling indicated that effortful control and executive functioning are strongly associated and overlapping constructs (Study 1). Additionally, results indicated that effortful control is related to the executive function of updating/monitoring information in working memory, but not inhibition (Studies 2 and 3). Study 3 also demonstrates that better updating/monitoring information in working memory and better effortful control were uniquely linked to lower dispositional negative affect, whereas the executive function of low/poor inhibition was uniquely associated with an increased tendency to express negative affect. Furthermore, dispositional negative affect mediated the links between effortful control and, separately, the executive function of updating/monitoring information in working memory and the tendency to express negative affect. The theoretical implications of these findings are discussed, and a potential framework for guiding future work directed at integrating and differentiating aspects of self-regulation is suggested.