An integrated UAV-borne lidar system for 3D habitat mapping in three forest ecosystems across China
An integrated UAV-borne lidar system for 3D habitat mapping in three forest ecosystems across China
复制标题
用于中国三个森林生态系统 3D 栖息地测绘的集成无人机载激光雷达系统
DOI：
10.1080/01431161.2017.1285083
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发表时间：
2017-01-01
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Wang, Xugao
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Guo, Qinghua;Su, Yanjun;Wang, Xugao
摘要近几十年来，由于人类活动和气候变化带来的压力越来越大，全球生物多样性逐渐减少。对空间连续的三维(3D)植被结构和地形信息的准确估计是生物多样性研究的先决条件，而这在目前的生态系统研究中通常是无法实现的。虽然机载激光雷达技术已经成功地用于绘制景观和区域尺度的三维植被结构图，但相对较高的机载激光雷达飞行任务成本严重限制了其应用。无人机为激光雷达数据采集提供了一种替代平台，与机载激光雷达相比，它可以大大降低成本，提供更密集的激光雷达点。在这项研究中，我们实现了一个低成本的无人机载激光雷达系统，包括硬件系统和软件系统，用于收集和处理用于生物多样性研究的激光雷达数据。实施的无人机载激光雷达系统在中国全境的三个不同生态系统中进行了测试，包括针阔混交林、常绿阔叶林和红树林。从机载激光雷达数据中提取了各种三维植被结构参数(如冠层高度模型、冠层覆盖度、叶面积指数、地上生物量)。结果表明，所实现的无人机机载激光雷达系统能够生成非常高分辨率的三维地形和植被信息。开发的基于无人机的硬件和软件系统为利用无人机携带的激光雷达数据进行生物多样性研究提供了一个交钥匙解决方案。
ABSTRACT In recent decades, global biodiversity has gradually diminished due to the increasing pressure from anthropogenic activities and climatic change. Accurate estimations of spatially continuous three-dimensional (3D) vegetation structures and terrain information are prerequisites for biodiversity studies, which are usually unavailable in current ecosystem-wide studies. Although the airborne lidar technique has been successfully used for mapping 3D vegetation structures at landscape and regional scales, the relatively high cost of airborne lidar flight mission has significantly limited its applications. The unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) provides an alternative platform for lidar data acquisition, which can largely lower the cost and provide denser lidar points compared with airborne lidar. In this study, we implemented a low-cost UAV-borne lidar system, including both a hardware system and a software system, to collect and process lidar data for biodiversity studies. The implemented UAV-borne lidar system was tested in three different ecosystems across China, including a needleleaf–broadleaf mixed forest, an evergreen broadleaf forest, and a mangrove forest. Various 3D vegetation structure parameters (e.g. canopy height model, canopy cover, leaf area index, aboveground biomass) were derived from the UAV-borne lidar data. The results show that the implemented UAV-borne lidar system can generate very high resolution 3D terrain and vegetation information. The developed UAV-based hardware and software systems provide a turn-key solution for the use of UAV-borne lidar data on biodiversity studies.