Examining the spatiotemporal variation of genetic diversity and genetic rarity in the natural plant recolonization of human-altered areas

Examining the spatiotemporal variation of genetic diversity and genetic rarity in the natural plant recolonization of human-altered areas
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检查人类改变地区自然植物重新殖民中遗传多样性和遗传稀有性的时空变化

DOI:
10.1007/s10592-023-01503-8
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发表时间:
2023
影响因子:
2.2
通讯作者:
Fedriani, Jose M.
Fedriani, Jose M.
中科院分区:
环境科学与生态学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Garrote, Pedro J.;Castilla, Antonio R.;Picó, F. Xavier;Fedriani, Jose M.

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植物生命早期的时空遗传变异可能对人类改变地区的自然再定殖产生重大影响,这对了解植物和生境保护具有重要意义。在动物分散的植物中,分散者的行为可能对遗传变异的分布起关键作用。在这里,我们研究了遗传稀有度在拱心石先驱棕榈(Chamaerops humilis)幼苗中的空间和时间结构,以及遗传稀有度的变化如何最终影响植物的招募。在地中海人类活动改变区连续两个季节对两种中型食肉动物介导的种子雨进行了集中监测。我们利用12个微卫星标记对309个检测到的幼苗中的143个进行了基因分型。我们发现,从食肉动物分散的种子中产生的幼苗具有中等到高度的遗传多样性,没有近亲繁殖的证据。我们发现,从单个食肉动物粪便样本中的种子中产生的幼苗之间存在膨胀的亲缘关系,但在更大的空间尺度(例如厕所)中,这种亲缘关系会被稀释。幼苗表现出显著的遗传亚结构,兄弟姐妹关系因空间尺度而异。罕见的基因型在整个传播季节中到达的时间稍晚,并且往往在空间上是孤立的。然而,遗传稀有性本身并不是一个显著的预测因子,至少表明其对幼苗成活率的影响小于其他时空因子。我们的结果表明,c。对人类干扰造成的遗传瓶颈的适应性。我们强调从遗传角度研究植物与动物的相互作用,因为它为植物保护和植物遗传恢复提供了重要的信息。
The spatiotemporal genetic variation at early plant life stages may substantially affect the natural recolonization of human-altered areas, which is crucial to understand plant and habitat conservation. In animal-dispersed plants, dispersers’ behavior may critically drive the distribution of genetic variation. Here, we examine how genetic rarity is spatially and temporally structured in seedlings of a keystone pioneer palm (Chamaerops humilis) and how the variation of genetic rarity could ultimately affect plant recruitment. We intensively monitored the seed rain mediated by two medium-sized carnivores during two consecutive seasons in a Mediterranean human-altered area. We genotyped 143 out of 309 detected seedlings using 12 microsatellite markers. We found that seedlings emerging from carnivore-dispersed seeds showed moderate to high levels of genetic diversity and no evidence of inbreeding. We found inflated kinship among seedlings that emerged from seeds within a single carnivore fecal sample, but a dilution of such FSGS at larger spatial scales (e.g. latrine). Seedlings showed a significant genetic sub-structure and the sibling relationships varied depending on the spatial scale. Rare genotypes arrived slightly later throughout the dispersal season and tended to be spatially isolated. However, genetic rarity was not a significant predictor by itself which indicates that, at least, its influence on seedling survival was smaller than other spatiotemporal factors. Our results suggest strongC. humilisresilience to genetic bottlenecks due to human disturbances. We highlight the study of plant-animal interactions from a genetic perspective since it provides crucial information for plant conservation and the recovery of genetic plant resilience.
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