Identity-Based Motivation
Identity-Based Motivation
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基于身份的动机
DOI：
10.1002/9781118900772.etrds0171
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发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
10.3
通讯作者：
D. Oyserman
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
D. Oyserman
人们相信他们知道自己是谁，他们的所作所为决定了他们是谁。这些核心信念似乎是固有的概念，意味着什么是有一个自我，不需要经验的支持。毕竟，如果没有稳定的事物作为自我概念的依据，那么自我概念又有什么意义呢？如果这个概念在日常生活中毫无用处，谁还会在意它是否稳定呢？然而，有关行动相关性和稳定性的证据却出奇地少。本文概述了基于身份的动机理论，该理论对这些假设进行了新的审视，并提出了三个核心预测，即动态构建、行动准备和难度解释。也就是说，不是稳定的，哪些身份会出现在脑海中，它们的含义是在上下文中动态构建的。人们以与当前活跃的身份一致的方式来解释情况和困难，并倾向于认同一致的行为而不是认同不一致的行为。当行动与身份一致时，体验难度会突出行为的重要性和意义。当行为感觉身份不一致时，同样的困难表明这种行为是毫无意义的，“不适合像我这样的人”。
People believe that they know who they are and that who they are matters for what they do. These core beliefs seem so inherent to conceptualizations of what it means to have a self as to require no empirical support. After all, what is the point of a concept of self if there is no stable thing to have a concept about, and who would care if that concept was stable if it was not useful in making it through the day? Yet the evidence for action-relevance and stability are surprisingly sparse. This entry outlines identity-based motivation theory which takes a new look at these assumptions and makes three core predictions termed dynamic construction, action-readiness, and interpretation of difficulty. That is, rather than being stable, which identities come to mind and what they mean are dynamically constructed in context. People interpret situations and difficulties in ways that are congruent with currently active identities and prefer identity-congruent to identity-incongruent actions. When action feels identity-congruent, experienced difficulty highlights that the behavior is important and meaningful. When action feels identity-incongruent, the same difficulty suggests that the behavior is pointless and “not for people like me.”
Keywords:
self;
identity;
motivation;
situated cognition;
social cognition
影响因子：
7.6
作者：
Oyserman, Daphna;Bybee, Deborah;Terry, Kathy
通讯作者：
Terry, Kathy