Intrinsic cellular defenses against human immunodeficiency viruses.

Intrinsic cellular defenses against human immunodeficiency viruses.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.immuni.2012.08.013
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发表时间:
2012-09-21
期刊:
影响因子:
32.4
通讯作者:
Bieniasz PD
Bieniasz PD
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Blanco-Melo D;Venkatesh S;Bieniasz PD

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病毒感染往往对宿主的生存和繁殖有害。因此,宿主进化出了各种防御病毒的机制。这个武器库的一个组成部分是一组蛋白质,称为限制因子,它们显示出直接的抗病毒活性。其中有几类蛋白质(APOBEC3、TRIM5、Tetherin和SAMHD1)可以抑制人类和猿类免疫缺陷病毒的复制。在这里,我们概述了这些防御机制的特点、机制和演变。我们还推测限制因素是如何产生的,它们可能如何与传统的先天免疫系统和适应性免疫系统相互作用,以及如何有效地利用对这些内在细胞防御的理解。
Viral infections are often detrimental to host survival and reproduction. Consequently, hosts have evolved a variety of mechanisms to defend themselves against viruses. A component of this arsenal is a set of proteins, termed restriction factors, which exhibit direct antiviral activity. Among these are several classes of proteins (APOBEC3, TRIM5, Tetherin and SAMHD1) that inhibit the replication of human and simian immunodeficiency viruses. Here, we outline the features, mechanisms, and evolution of these defense mechanisms. We also speculate on how restriction factors arose, how they might interact with the conventional innate and adaptive immune systems and how an understanding of these intrinsic cellular defenses might be usefully exploited.
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