The Deinstitutionalization of American marriage
The Deinstitutionalization of American marriage
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DOI：
10.1111/j.0022-2445.2004.00058.x
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发表时间：
2004-11-01
影响因子：
6
通讯作者：
Cherlin, AJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cherlin, AJ
本文认为，在过去的几十年里，婚姻经历了去制度化的过程，即定义伴侣行为的社会规范的弱化。所举的例子涉及同居联盟数量和复杂性的增加以及同性婚姻的出现。 20世纪美国发生的两次婚姻含义转变为去机构化创造了社会背景。欧内斯特·伯吉斯指出，第一个转变是从制度婚姻到伴侣婚姻。第二次转变是向个性化婚姻的转变，其中对个人选择和自我发展的强调得到了扩展。尽管婚姻的实际重要性有所下降，但其象征意义仍然很高，甚至可能有所增加。它已成为声望和个人成就的标志。举例说明了其象征意义。讨论了对当前婚姻状况及其未来方向的影响。
This article argues that marriage has undergone a process of deinstitutionalization-a weakening of the social norms that define partners' behavior-over the past few decades. Examples are presented involving the increasing number and complexity of cohabiting unions and the emergence of same-sex marriage. Two transitions in the meaning of marriage that occurred in the United States during the 20th century have created the social context for deinstitutionalization. The first transition, noted by Ernest Burgess, was from the institutional marriage to the companionate marriage. The second transition was to the individualized marriage in which the emphasis on personal choice and self-development expanded. Although the practical importance of marriage has declined, its symbolic significance has remained high and may even have increased. It has become a marker of prestige and personal achievement. Examples of its symbolic significance are presented. The implications for the current state of marriage and its future direction are discussed.