Phase Gradients and Anisotropy of the Suprachiasmatic Network: Discovery of Phaseoids
Phase Gradients and Anisotropy of the Suprachiasmatic Network: Discovery of Phaseoids
复制标题
DOI：
10.1523/eneuro.0078-21.2021
复制
发表时间：
2021-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Silver, Rae
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Yoshikawa, Tomoko;Pauls, Scott;Silver, Rae
生物神经网络在几个粒度级别上运行，从单个神经元到局部神经回路再到数千个细胞的网络。视交叉上核（SCN）中大脑主时钟的每日振荡依赖于其类似于20，000个神经元之间的连接网络，该网络尚未被识别。SCN提供了一个可访问的模型来探索神经组织的几个层次。为了将细胞与局部和全局网络行为联系起来，我们通过使用免疫化学，光学和共聚焦显微镜，实时成像和数学建模在三个方向上检查SCN切片来探索网络拓扑结构。重要的是，这些结果揭示了形成中间结构的小的局部神经元群，这里称为“类相位”，其可以通过相邻细胞之间不同幅度的稳定局部相位差来识别。这些相位的局部差异不同于全局相位关系，即单个细胞与整个SCN的平均振荡之间的相位关系。的phaseoid的本地相位差的幅度与在SCN的吻尾侧范围内观察到的全球相位梯度。模拟结果表明，梯度的连接强度可以解释所观察到的梯度的拟相强度，一个非常吝啬的解释SCN的非均匀振荡结构。
Biological neural networks operate at several levels of granularity, from the individual neuron to local neural circuits to networks of thousands of cells. The daily oscillation of the brain's master clock in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) rests on a yet to be identified network of connectivity among its similar to 20,000 neurons. The SCN provides an accessible model to explore neural organization at several levels of organization. To relate cellular to local and global network behaviors, we explore network topology by examining SCN slices in three orientations using immunochemistry, light and confocal microscopy, real-time imaging, and mathematical modeling. Importantly, the results reveal small local groupings of neurons that form intermediate structures, here termed "phaseoids," which can be identified through stable local phase differences of varying magnitude among neighboring cells. These local differences in phase are distinct from the global phase relationship, namely that between individual cells and the mean oscillation of the overall SCN. The magnitude of the phaseoids' local phase differences is associated with a global phase gradient observed in the SCN's rostral-caudal extent. Modeling results show that a gradient in connectivity strength can explain the observed gradient of phaseoid strength, an extremely parsimonious explanation for the heterogeneous oscillatory structure of the SCN.