Laboratory diet influences cold tolerance in a genotype-dependent manner in Drosophila melanogaster
Laboratory diet influences cold tolerance in a genotype-dependent manner in Drosophila melanogaster
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DOI：
10.1016/j.cbpa.2021.110948
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发表时间：
2021-04-10
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Teets, Nicholas M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Littler, Aerianna S.;Garcia, Mark J.;Teets, Nicholas M.
冷应激会降低昆虫的适应性，是物种分布和对气候变化反应的重要决定因素。耐寒性受基因型和环境条件的影响，其中日照长度和温度等因素的影响尤其强烈。最近的研究还表明饮食会影响耐冷性，但尚不清楚饮食介导的耐冷性变化在不同基因型之间是否一致。本研究的目的是确定常用的人工饲料对果蝇耐冷性的影响程度，以及这些影响在不同遗传系中是否一致。具体来说，我们测试了不同果蝇饮食对 1) 冷应激生存能力、2) 临界热最小值 (CTmin) 和 3) 冷应激后维持繁殖能力的影响。对果蝇遗传参考组中的六个同基因系进行了实验，这些系以不同的果蝇饮食饲养。冷休克存活率、CTmin 以及冷暴露前后的生殖输出在饮食和基因型组合中差异很大，这表明环境相互作用的强烈基因型塑造了营养介导的耐冷性变化。例如，在某些品系中，不同饮食条件下冷休克存活率始终保持较高或较低水平，而在另一些品系中，冷休克存活率则根据饮食情况从 5% 到 75% 不等。最终，这些结果丰富了越来越多的文献，即耐冷性是由基因型和环境之间复杂的相互作用决定的，并为果蝇选择实验室饮食进行热耐受性实验时的实际考虑提供了参考。
Cold stress can reduce insect fitness and is an important determinant of species distributions and responses to climate change. Cold tolerance is influenced by genotype and environmental conditions, with factors such as day length and temperature having a particularly strong influence. Recent studies also indicate that diet impacts cold tolerance, but it is unclear whether diet-mediated shifts in cold tolerance are consistent across distinct genotypes. The goal of this study was to determine the extent to which commonly used artificial diets influence cold tolerance in Drosophila melanogaster, and whether these effects are consistent across genetically distinct lines. Specifically, we tested the impact of different fly diets on 1) ability to survive cold stress, 2) critical thermal minimum (CTmin), and 3) the ability to maintain reproduction after cold stress. Experiments were conducted across six isogenic lines from the Drosophila Genetic Reference Panel, and these lines were reared on different fly diets. Cold shock survival, CTmin, and reproductive output pre- and post-cold exposure varied considerably across diet and genotype combinations, suggesting strong genotype by environment interactions shape nutritionally mediated changes in cold tolerance. For example, in some lines cold shock survival remained consistently high or low across diets, while in others cold shock survival ranged from 5% to 75% depending on diet. Ultimately, these results add to a growing literature that cold tolerance is shaped by complex interactions between genotype and environment and inform practical considerations when selecting a laboratory diet for thermal tolerance experiments in Drosophila.