Cell Adhesion Molecules in the Normal and Cancerous Mammary Gland
Cell Adhesion Molecules in the Normal and Cancerous Mammary Gland
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DOI：
10.1007/bf02013644
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发表时间：
1996-04-01
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Taylor-Papadimitriou, Joyce
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Alford, Deborah;Taylor-Papadimitriou, Joyce
正常组织形态的丧失是实体恶性肿瘤（包括乳腺癌）发展过程中最先看到的变化之一。由于细胞粘附分子在维持正常组织结构中发挥着至关重要的作用，因此对恶性肿瘤中发生的形态变化所涉及的分子机制的研究，重点关注细胞粘附分子在恶性进展中的表达和功能是非常相关的。这篇综述讨论了粘附分子的钙粘蛋白和整合素家族，这些分子已被证明在上皮细胞的细胞-细胞和细胞-基质相互作用中极其重要。使用组织和肿瘤切片的免疫组织化学研究表明，在许多乳腺癌中确实观察到两种类型的细胞粘附分子的表达或功能水平降低。这些分子在维持正常形态分化方面的特定而关键的作用已在体外得到证实，其中非侵入性分化表型与 E-钙粘蛋白和 α2β1 整合素的正常功能相关。进一步的体外证据表明，在乳腺上皮细胞中，癌基因可能是 E-钙粘蛋白、α2β1 整联蛋白和其他对维持上皮分化很重要的上皮特异性分子的表达和功能的上游调节因子。通过这种方式，它们可以显示它们对上皮细胞致瘤潜力的影响。
Loss of normal tissue morphology is one of the first changes seen in the development of solid malignant tumours, including breast cancers. Since cell adhesion molecules play a crucial role in maintaining normal tissue architecture, investigations into the molecular mechanisms involved in the morphological changes occurring in malignancy that focus on the expression and function of cell adhesion molecules in malignant progression are extremely relevant. This review discusses the cadherin and integrin families of adhesion molecules which have been shown to be extremely important in the cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions of epithelial cells. Immunohistochemical studies using tissue and tumour sections indicate that a reduction in levels of expression or function of both types of cell adhesion molecules is indeed observed in many breast cancers. A specific and crucial role for these molecules in the maintenance of normal morphological differentiation has been demonstrated in vitro, where the noninvasive differentiated phenotype correlates with the normal functioning of E-Cadherin and alpha 2 beta 1 integrin. Further in vitro evidence suggests that in mammary epithelial cells, oncogenes may be upstream regulators of both the expression and function of E-Cadherin, the alpha 2 beta 1 integrin, and other epithelial specific molecules important for maintaining epithelial differentiation. In this way they could manifest their effects on the tumorigeneic potential of epithelial cells.