Airborne measurements of volcanic gas composition during unrest at Kuchinoerabujima volcano, Japan
Airborne measurements of volcanic gas composition during unrest at Kuchinoerabujima volcano, Japan
复制标题
日本口良部岛火山动荡期间火山气体成分的机载测量
DOI：
10.1007/s00445-018-1262-9
复制
发表时间：
2019
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Takayuki Kaneko
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ryunosuke Kazahaya;Hiroshi Shinohara;Takao Ohminato;Takayuki Kaneko
2014年至2016年期间，使用无人机（UAV）和塞斯纳飞机在日本Kuchinoerabujima火山进行了火山气体成分的空中测量。由于火山爆发发生在2014年8月、2015年5月和2015年6月，进入山顶火山口是有限的，因为有突然爆发的风险，空中测量是测量火山气体成分的唯一可行方法。分别使用塞斯纳和无人驾驶航空器在火山口的背风面和火山口周围进行了多气体和碱性过滤包测量。使用无人机的观测可以测量密集的羽流并量化H2O，CO2，SO2，H2S，H2，HCl和HF的气体种类，而使用塞斯纳的观测只能测量稀释的羽流并量化CO2，SO2，H2S和H2。七次空中观测使我们能够监测火山气体成分的变化。在观察期间，SO2/H2S比率从10降至1.9。H2O/SO2比、H2/SO2比和使用火山气体成分估算的表观平衡温度（AET）在2014年喷发后增加。SO2/H2S比值的降低可能是由于脱气岩浆压力的变化以及与热液系统的相互作用。这里介绍的空中方法突出了在火山动荡期间使用轻型飞机安全进行火山气体测量的实用性，而传统的地面方法是不可能的。
Airborne measurements of volcanic gas composition using an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) and Cessna aircraft were conducted at Kuchinoerabujima volcano, Japan, between 2014 and 2016. Because eruptions occurred in August 2014, May 2015, and June 2015, access to the summit crater was limited because of the risk of sudden eruption such that airborne measurements were the only viable method to measure the volcanic gas composition. Multi-GAS and alkali-filter pack measurements were made on the leeward side of the crater and around the crater, using the Cessna and UAV, respectively. Observations using the UAV could measure the dense plume and quantify the gas species of H2O, CO2, SO2, H2S, H2, HCl, and HF, while the observations using the Cessna could measure only the diluted plume and quantify CO2, SO2, H2S, and H2. The seven airborne observations enabled us to monitor variations in the volcanic gas composition. Over the observation period, the SO2/H2S ratio decreased from 10 to 1.9. The H2O/SO2ratio, H2/SO2ratio, and apparent equilibrium temperatures (AET) estimated using the volcanic gas composition increased after the 2014 eruption. The decrease in the SO2/H2S ratio might be attributed to changes in the pressure of degassing magma and interactions with the hydrothermal system. The airborne methods presented here highlight the utility of using light aircrafts to safely conduct volcanic gas measurements during periods of volcanic unrest when traditional ground-based methods are not possible.