Complete genome sequence of the ammonia-oxidizing bacterium and obligate chemolithoautotroph Nitrosomonas europaea
Complete genome sequence of the ammonia-oxidizing bacterium and obligate chemolithoautotroph Nitrosomonas europaea
复制标题
DOI：
10.1128/jb.185.9.2759-2773.2003
复制
发表时间：
2003-05-01
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Arp, D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chain, P;Lamerdin, J;Arp, D
欧洲亚硝酸单胞菌(ATCC 19718)是一种革兰氏阴性的专性化学自养细菌，其生长所需的所有能量和还原剂都来自于氨氧化为亚硝酸盐。亚硝化单胞菌参与了硝化过程中的生物地球化学氮循环。它的基因组由一个2,812,094个碱基对的环状染色体组成。GC偏态分析表明，基因组被分成两个不相等的复制体。基因均匀分布在基因组周围，其中47%的基因是从一条链转录而来的，而53%的基因是由互补链转录的。从建模工作中总共出现了2460个蛋白质编码基因，平均长度为1011个核苷酸，基因间隔区平均为117个核苷酸。确定了氨分解代谢、能量和还原剂的产生、生物合成以及二氧化碳和氨的同化所必需的基因。相比之下，有机化合物分解代谢的基因是有限的。编码无机离子转运蛋白的基因很多，而编码有机分子转运蛋白的基因很少。复杂的重复元件约占基因组的5%。其中包括8个不同家族的85个预测插入序列元件。欧洲铁藻从环境中积累铁的策略涉及几类铁受体，有20多个基因专用于这些受体。然而，在基因组中只发现了合成一个铁载体柠檬酸盐的基因。这个基因组为氨氧化细菌的生长和代谢提供了新的见解。
Nitrosomonas europaea (ATCC 19718) is a gram-negative obligate chemolithoautotroph that can derive all its energy and reductant for growth from the oxidation of ammonia to nitrite. Nitrosomonas europaea participates in the biogeochemical N cycle in the process of nitrification. Its genome consists of a single circular chromosome of 2,812,094 bp. The GC skew analysis indicates that the genome is divided into two unequal replichores. Genes are distributed evenly around the genome, with similar to47% transcribed from one strand and similar to53% transcribed from the complementary strand. A total of 2,460 protein-encoding genes emerged from the modeling effort, averaging 1,011 bp in length, with intergenic regions averaging 117 bp. Genes necessary for the catabolism of ammonia, energy and reductant generation, biosynthesis, and CO2 and NH3 assimilation were identified. In contrast, genes for catabolism of organic compounds are limited. Genes encoding transporters for inorganic ions were plentiful, whereas genes encoding transporters for organic molecules were scant. Complex repetitive elements constitute ca. 5% of the genome. Among these are 85 predicted insertion sequence elements in eight different families. The strategy of N. europaea to accumulate Fe from the environment involves several classes of Fe receptors with more than 20 genes devoted to these receptors. However, genes for the synthesis of only one siderophore, citrate, were identified in the genome. This genome has provided new insights into the growth and metabolism of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria.