Towards analyzing and improving robustness of software applications to intermittent and permanent faults in hardware
Towards analyzing and improving robustness of software applications to intermittent and permanent faults in hardware
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分析和提高软件应用程序对硬件间歇性和永久性故障的鲁棒性
DOI：
10.1109/iccd.2013.6657076
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发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Puneet Gupta
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. Sharma;Joseph Sloan;L. Wanner;Salma Elmalaki;M. Srivastava;Puneet Gupta
虽然出现的故障和磨损机制的一个显着的分数导致间歇性或永久性故障的硬件，其影响（不同于瞬态故障）的软件应用程序还没有得到很好的研究。在本文中，我们开发了一个独特的应用程序特性，称为相似性从基本电路级的故障机制的理解。我们提出了一个数学定义和实际的软件应用程序的相似性计算的过程，并通过实验验证相似性和故障率之间的关系。利用依赖的应用程序的鲁棒性的相似性度量，我们提出了示例架构独立的代码转换，以减少相似性，从而最坏情况下的故障率与最小的性能下降。我们的实验结果与算术单元故障显示高达74%的改进，在基准内核的最坏情况下的故障率，不到10%的运行时损失。
Although a significant fraction of emerging failure and wearout mechanisms result in intermittent or permanent faults in hardware, their impact (as distinct from transient faults) on software applications has not been well studied. In this paper, we develop a distinguishing application characteristic, referred to as similarity from fundamental circuit-level understanding of the failure mechanisms. We present a mathematical definition and a procedure for similarity computation for practical software applications and experimentally verify the relationship between similarity and fault rate. Leveraging dependence of application robustness on the similarity metric, we present example architecture independent code transformations to reduce similarity and thereby the worst-case fault rate with minimal performance degradation. Our experimental results with arithmetic unit faults show as much as 74% improvement in the worst case fault rate on benchmark kernels, with less than 10% runtime penalty.