Refractance-window as an innovative approach for the drying of saffron petals and stigma
Refractance-window as an innovative approach for the drying of saffron petals and stigma
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DOI：
10.1111/jfpe.12863
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发表时间：
2018-11-01
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Hemmati, Khodayar
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Aghaei, Zahra;Jafari, Seid Mahdi;Hemmati, Khodayar
在这项研究中，不同的干燥器，包括折射窗口（RW）与200或300 μ m的聚酯薄膜，或派热克斯玻璃和烘箱干燥，以及25，60，70和80摄氏度的各种温度对涤纶质量的影响进行了调查。以藏红花柱头的藏红醛、藏红花素和苦藏红花素含量以及藏红花花瓣的花青苷含量为主要品质指标，对其干燥动力学进行了模拟。而对于红花柱头，RW干燥器通过Pyrex玻璃表面和较高温度（70和80 ℃）导致了藏红花苦苷、番红花醛、藏红花素的最高含量，对于红花花瓣，RW干燥器通过200 μ m Mylar膜导致了最大花青素含量（106.79 mg/L）。与此同时，我们的比较表明，RW是一个更可靠的方法，干燥的仙人掌柱头，同时保持其功能成分，即，着色，芳香，苦味强度，比以前介绍的新方法。预测RW（200或300 μ m的聚酯薄膜，或派热克斯玻璃）或烘箱干燥数据的最佳人工神经网络（ANN）拓扑结构的香根草柱头是那些网络具有前馈反向传播网络类型，双曲正切sigmoid传递函数和一个隐藏层与3，7，5，或4个神经元，分别。实际应用藏红花是干燥的柱头的花称为“番红花L。“科学地和“红色黄金”在市场上，因为它的高价值。本研究的目的是介绍一个合适的替代常见的传统干燥的尼龙作为折射窗（RW），并建议适当的建模模式，这种干燥类型的工业应用在真实的情况。本研究的第二个目的是确定最佳干燥条件，因为菊花的重量主要与花瓣有关，花瓣提取物中的花色苷可用作食品工业中的天然着色剂，但温度对花色苷的稳定性有很大影响。
In this research, the effects of different dryers including refractance-window (RW) with 200 or 300 mu m Mylar membrane, or Pyrex glass and oven drying, and various temperatures of 25, 60, 70, and 80 degrees C on saffron quality were surveyed. Levels of safranal, crocin, and picrocrocin for saffron stigma and anthocyanin content for saffron petal were considered as the major quality indices and modeling of their drying kinetics was carried out. While for saffron stigma, RW dryer through Pyrex glass surface and higher temperatures (70 and 80 degrees C) led to the highest contents of picrocrocin, safranal, crocin, for saffron petal, RW dryer through 200 mu m Mylar membrane resulted in the maximum anthocyanin content (106.79 mg/L). Meanwhile, our comparison revealed that RW is a more reliable approach to dry saffron stigma while keeping its functional ingredients, that is, coloring, aromatic, and bitterness strength, than previously introduced novel approaches. The best Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) topologies to predict RW (200 or 300 mu m Mylar membrane, or Pyrex glass) or oven drying data for saffron stigma were those networks having feed-forward backpropagation network type, hyperbolic tangent sigmoid transfer function and one hidden layer with 3, 7, 5, or 4 neurons in it, respectively. Practical applications Saffron is the dried stigmas of flowers called as "Crocus sativus L." scientifically and "red gold" in the market because of its high value. Our aim of this research was to introduce a suitable alternative for common traditional drying of saffron as refractance-Window (RW) and suggest appropriate modeling patterns for industrial application of this drying type in real situations. The second aim of this research was to determine the best drying conditions of saffron petal since the major weight of saffron flower is related to its petal, and anthocyanin of petal extracts could be used as a natural colorant in the food industry, but temperature has a substantial impact on anthocyanin stability.