Recycled cafeteria food waste as a feed for swine: nutrient content digestibility, growth, and meat quality.
Recycled cafeteria food waste as a feed for swine: nutrient content digestibility, growth, and meat quality.
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回收食堂厨余作为猪饲料：营养成分消化率、生长和肉质。
DOI：
10.2527/1998.76122976x
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发表时间：
1998
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
P A Schoknecht
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. Westendorf;Z C Dong;P A Schoknecht
本研究旨在比较以食堂食物残渣（FW）或玉米/豆粕（CSM）日粮饲喂猪的生长、肉质和日粮消化率。在生长肥育试验中，36份食堂餐厨垃圾的平均干物质含量为22.4%，粗蛋白含量为21.4%，酸性洗涤纤维含量为14.1%，乙醚浸出物含量为27.2%，灰分含量为3.2%。第一个实验使用50头杂交猪，随机分配到四种饮食。在生长阶段，饲喂CSM日粮的猪比饲喂FW或FW加能量补充剂的猪增重更快（P <0.05）。然而，两组饲喂FW加能量补充剂（占CSM饮食摄入量的25%或50%）的猪比单独饲喂FW的猪增重更快（P <0.05）（分别为0.61和0.65 kg/d，对0.46 kg/d）。在肥育阶段，FW加能量补充剂饲喂CSM摄入量的50%导致的增重与饲喂CSM日粮的猪没有差异（0.90 vs 0.99 kg/d; P > 0.05）。营养物质消化率和氮平衡试验使用8个生长的公猪比较FW与相同的CSM生长饲料喂养较早。两种日粮的干物质消化率相似（P > 0.05）。然而，CP消化率在FW组高于CSM组（P <0.05）（88.2vs84.3%）。虽然FW和CSM日粮之间的氮保留百分比没有差异（56.0 vs 55.2%; P > 0.05），但饲喂CSM日粮的猪的氮保留量更大（29.3 vs 24.5 g/d; P <0.05），因为饲喂CSM的猪的体重比FW更大（1.7 vs 1.4 kg/d）。在肥育试验完成时，从CSM和FW日粮中选择6头猪，并饲喂至肥育体重。将猪屠宰，并取出猪里脊用于风味和质地分析。消费者小组将FW猪的肉质评定为可接受的，并且总体风味与CSM猪相当（P > 0.05）。这些结果表明，餐厨垃圾具有营养价值，可用于猪的日粮。
This project was undertaken to compare growth, meat quality, and diet digestibility when pigs were fed cafeteria food waste (FW) or a corn/soybean meal (CSM) diet. Cafeteria food waste (36 samples) fed in the growing and finishing experiment averaged 22.4% DM, 21.4% CP, 14.1% ADF, 27.2% ether extract, and 3.2% ash. The first experiment used 50 crossbred pigs randomly assigned to four diets. During the growing phase, pigs fed a CSM diet gained faster (P < .05) than pigs fed FW or FW plus energy supplements. However, the two groups fed FW plus energy supplements (at 25 or 50% of the intake of the CSM diet) gained faster (P < .05) than pigs fed FW alone (.61 and .65 kg/d, respectively, vs .46 kg/d). In the finishing phase, FW plus an energy supplement fed at 50% of the level of CSM intake resulted in gains that did not differ from those of pigs fed the CSM diet (.90 vs .99 kg/d; P > .05). A nutrient digestibility and nitrogen balance trial using eight growing barrows compared FW with the same CSM growing diet fed earlier. Dry matter digestibility was similar for the two diets (P > .05). However, CP digestibility was higher (P < .05) in the FW diet than in the CSM diet (88.2 vs 84.3%). Although the percentage of nitrogen retained was not different between FW and CSM diets (56.0 vs 55.2%; P > .05), the amount of nitrogen retained was greater for pigs fed the CSM diet (29.3 vs. 24.5 g/d; P < .05) because DMI was greater (1.7 vs 1.4 kg/d) for pigs fed CSM compared with FW. At the completion of the finishing experiment, six pigs were selected from both the CSM and FW diets and fed to finishing weight. The pigs were slaughtered, and the pork loins were removed for flavor and texture analysis. A consumer panel rated the meat quality from FW pigs as acceptable and overall flavor comparable to CSM pigs (P > .05). These results indicate that food waste has nutritive value and may be useful in swine diets.