Signal transduction and chemotaxis in mast cells.
Signal transduction and chemotaxis in mast cells.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ejphar.2015.02.057
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发表时间：
2016-05-05
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Kawakami T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Draber P;Halova I;Polakovicova I;Kawakami T
肥大细胞在免疫系统的先天性和适应性两方面都起着至关重要的作用。沿着嗜碱性粒细胞，肥大细胞是引起哮喘、过敏性鼻炎、食物过敏和特应性皮炎的过敏性炎症的必需效应细胞。肥大细胞通常在变态反应的炎症部位增加，并且在激活时释放各种化学、脂质、肽和蛋白质的变态反应介质。由于抗原/免疫球蛋白E（IgE）介导的这些细胞的活化是引发过敏反应的中心事件，因此已经进行了无数研究，研究这些细胞如何通过高亲和力IgE受体（FcεRI）的交联而活化。肥大细胞从其祖细胞发育成成熟肥大细胞受到几种生长因子的影响，其中干细胞因子（SCF）似乎是最重要的。因此，SCF如何通过其受体KIT诱导肥大细胞的发育和活化已被广泛研究，包括KIT和FcεRI信号通路之间的相互作用。虽然我们对FcεRI和KIT通路的信号传导机制的理解还远未完成，但有关这些通路的知识的药物应用正在进行中。本文就FcεRI和KIT信号通路与趋化性的研究进展作一综述。
Mast cells play crucial roles in both innate and adaptive arms of the immune system. Along with basophils, mast cells are essential effector cells for allergic inflammation that causes asthma, allergic rhinitis, food allergy and atopic dermatitis. Mast cells are usually increased in inflammatory sites of allergy and, upon activation, release various chemical, lipid, peptide and protein mediators of allergic reactions. Since antigen/immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated activation of these cells is a central event to trigger allergic reactions, innumerable studies have been conducted on how these cells are activated through cross-linking of the high-affinity IgE receptor (FcεRI). Development of mature mast cells from their progenitor cells is under the influence of several growth factors, of which the stem cell factor (SCF) seems to be the most important. Therefore, how SCF induces mast cell development and activation via its receptor, KIT, has been studied extensively, including a cross-talk between KIT and FcεRI signaling pathways. Although our understanding of the signaling mechanisms of the FcεRI and KIT pathways is far from complete, pharmaceutical applications of the knowledge about these pathways are underway. This review will focus on recent progresses in FcεRI and KIT signaling and chemotaxis.