How are students on the autism spectrum affected by bullying? Perspectives of students and parents
How are students on the autism spectrum affected by bullying? Perspectives of students and parents
复制标题
DOI：
10.1111/1471-3802.12421
复制
发表时间：
2019-01-01
影响因子：
1.5
通讯作者：
Bobir, Natasha
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ashburner, Jill;Saggers, Beth;Bobir, Natasha
以前的研究主要集中在自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）学生欺凌的流行程度上，很少关注其情绪影响。这项混合方法研究调查了学生和家长对欺凌和欺凌经历的担忧程度。为了确定一些患有ASD的学生是否受到不同的影响，我们探讨了学生的特征（对欺凌的理解，年龄和共病条件）与他们的欺凌经历和担忧之间的关联。调查探索欺凌的经验和担心欺凌的水平，完成了89名学生ASD没有智力残疾的11-16岁和他们的父母。我们还定性地探讨了家长的看法如何欺负影响他们的孩子，通过半结构化的采访9名家长。患有共病焦虑症的学生更有可能报告面对面的受害情况，并且更容易受到面对面欺凌和网络欺凌的困扰，而患有抑郁症的学生更有可能报告网络受害情况。父母的关切包括受害对上学、自尊、心理健康、社会参与、学习成绩和行为的影响。有内化症状的学生对欺凌的担忧程度明显较高，受害率也较高，这表明这些学生可能面临不成比例的心理伤害风险。
Previous research has focused on the prevalence of bullying of students with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), with little attention given to its emotional effect. This mixed methods study examined levels of worry about bullying and bullying experiences reported by students and parents. To determine whether some students with ASD are differentially affected, we explored associations between students' characteristics (understanding of bullying, age and co-morbid conditions) and their bullying experiences and worries. Surveys exploring bullying experiences and levels of worry about bullying were completed by 89 students with ASD without intellectual disability aged 11-16 years and their parents. We also qualitatively explored parents' perceptions of how bullying affects their children, through semi-structured interviews of nine parents. Students with comorbid anxiety disorders were more likely to report face-to-face victimization and were more troubled by both face-to-face bullying and cyberbullying, while students with depression were more likely to report cyber victimization. Parental concerns included the impact of victimization on school attendance, self-esteem, mental health, social participation, academic performance, and behaviour. The significantly higher levels of worry about bullying and higher victimization rates reported by students with internalizing symptoms suggest that these students may be disproportionately at risk of psychological harm.