Psychedelics.
Psychedelics.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.cub.2021.12.009
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发表时间：
2022-01-24
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Kwan AC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kelmendi B;Kaye AP;Pittenger C;Kwan AC
迷幻药是通过作用于大脑中的血清素受体来改变意识的化合物。 “致幻剂”一词源自希腊语，意为“心灵显现”，指的是药物的主观作用，由汉弗莱·奥斯蒙德于 1956 年首次提出。其他术语也被用来强调各种相关化合物产生的心理体验的不同方面，包括致幻剂（知觉）、entheogens（精神）和 empathogens 或 enactogens（社会情感）。术语的多样性反映了数百种潜在迷幻化合物的存在，这些化合物具有一系列行为和神经生物学效应。最近关于致幻剂治疗精神疾病有效性的数据引起了人们对其神经生物学效应的兴趣重新燃起。本入门手册的目的是为那些对迷幻药领域感兴趣的人提供简明易懂的科学数据概述。
Psychedelics are compounds that alter consciousness by acting on serotonin receptors in the brain. The term ‘psychedelic’, from the Greek for mind manifesting, refers to the drugs’ subjective effects and was first proposed by Humphry Osmond in 1956. Other terms have been used to emphasize different aspects of the psychological experiences produced by various related compounds, including hallucinogens (perceptual), entheogens (spiritual), and empathogens or entactogens (social-emotional). The diversity in terminology reflects the existence of hundreds of potential psychedelic compounds with a spectrum of behavioral and neurobiological effects. Recent data on the effectiveness of psychedelics for treating mental illnesses has led to a resurgence of interest in their neurobiological effects. The purpose of this Primer is to provide those interested in the field of psychedelics with a concise and accessible overview of the scientific data.