Developmental antecedents of compulsive drug use: a report on the literature.
Developmental antecedents of compulsive drug use: a report on the literature.
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强迫性吸毒的发展前因：文献报告。
DOI：
10.1080/02791072.1984.10471817
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发表时间：
1984
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
D. Scherl
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. V. Long;D. Scherl
本综述试图总结有关强迫性吸毒前因的知识和想法。它主要涉及阿片类药物和多种药物的使用，不包括更广泛的酒精和烟草的使用和滥用，偶尔进行比较除外。最初的目的是追踪导致强迫性药物使用的可能关键途径（如果有的话），从而更接近于提前识别强迫性使用者。然而，事实却令人失望。令人惊讶的是，在有关药物滥用的大量文献中，只有一小部分涉及对前因的系统研究。确实存在的发展文献清楚地证明了谢弗的观点，即药物滥用领域缺乏范式理论（Gambino & Shaffer 1979；Shaffer 1977）。对于问题的本质、研究的关键变量和适当的研究设计，存在着广泛的分歧。研究的呈现常常没有尝试与其他研究相结合，无论是在问题的概念还是对结果的解释方面。尽管在向经济机会办公室提交的一份报告（Arthur D. Little, Inc. 1966）中提出的观察结果是，在鸦片成瘾研究中“很少有文献以连贯的方式推进”，但现在对于整个领域来说不太正确，但连贯性仍然是发展文献中的一个问题（Kandel 1978）。在这种情况下，一个
This review attempts to summarize the state of knowledge and ideas concerning the antecedents of compulsive drug use. It is concerned mainly with opiate and polydrug use, excluding the more widespread use and abuse of alcohol and tobacco, except for occasional comparisons. Originally, the object was to trace the likely critical pathways, if any, to compulsive drug use and hence to come nearer to identifying in advance the compulsive user. However, the facts were disappointing. A surprisingly small proportion of the extensive literature on drug abuse has addressed the systematic study of antecedents. The developmental literature that does exist clearly demonstrates Shaffer's contention that the field of drug abuse lacks a paradigmatic theory (Gambino & Shaffer 1979; Shaffer 1977). There are widely divergent views about the nature of the problem, the critical variables for study and the appropriate research design. Research has frequently been presented without any attempt at integration with other research, either in conception of problem or interpretation of results. Though the observation made in a report to the Office of Economic Opportunity (Arthur D. Little, Inc. 1966) that in the study of opiate addiction" there is very little sense of a body of literature advancing in a coherent way" is now less true for the field as a whole, coherence is still a problem in the developmental literature (Kandel 1978). Under these circumstances, a