Reproductive cycles in pigs
Reproductive cycles in pigs
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DOI：
10.1016/j.anireprosci.2011.02.025
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发表时间：
2011-04-01
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Kemp, B.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Soede, N. M.;Langendijk, P.;Kemp, B.
猪的发情周期为18-24天。它由5-7天的卵泡期和13-15天的黄体期组成。在卵泡期，小窦卵泡发育成大的排卵前卵泡。作为多胎动物，猪可排卵 15 至 30 个卵泡，具体取决于年龄、营养状况和其他因素。在黄体期，卵泡发育不太明显，尽管原始卵泡可能有相当大的转变为早期窦卵泡，由于孕激素抑制促性腺激素而无法进一步发育。然而，该阶段早期窦卵泡池的形成可能对卵泡期的卵泡动态（卵泡的数量和质量）产生重大影响。一般来说，后备母猪在青春期后的第二个或第三个发情周期进行交配。产仔后，猪经历哺乳期不发情期，直至断奶并开始卵泡期，断奶后 4-7 天发情和排卵。本文描述了排卵前后卵泡期和黄体期的主要内分泌过程。简要讨论了营养和代谢状态对这些过程的作用。 (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. 保留所有权利。
The oestrous cycle in pigs spans a period of 18-24 days. It consists of a follicular phase of 5-7 days and a luteal phase of 13-15 days. During the follicular phase, small antral follicles develop into large, pre-ovulatory follicles. Being a polytocous species, the pig may ovulate from 15 to 30 follicles, depending on age, nutritional status and other factors. During the luteal phase, follicle development is less pronounced, although there is probably a considerable turnover of primordial to early antral follicles that fail to further develop due to progesterone inhibition of gonadotrophic hormones. Nevertheless, formation of the early antral follicle pool during this stage probably has a major impact on follicle dynamics in the follicular phase in terms of number and quality of follicles. Generally, gilts are mated at their second or third estrous cycle after puberty. After farrowing, pigs experience a lactational anoestrus period, until they are weaned and the follicular phase is initiated, resulting in oestrus and ovulation 4-7 days after weaning. This paper describes the major endocrine processes during the follicular and luteal phases that precede and follow ovulation. The role of nutrition and metabolic status on these processes are briefly discussed. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.