Current concepts of childhood tuberculosis.
Current concepts of childhood tuberculosis.
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DOI：
10.1053/j.spid.2005.01.001
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发表时间：
2005-04-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Starke, Jeffrey R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Mandalakas, Anna M;Starke, Jeffrey R
结核病（TB）是一种具有医学意义的社会疾病。据估计，世界上三分之一的人口（20 亿人）感染了结核杆菌。仅 2000 年一年，估计就有 830 万新发结核病例，其中 884,019 例（10.7%）为儿童。其中，659,379 起（75%）发生在 22 个高负担国家，其中大多数资源匮乏。尽管越来越多的文献证明了解决儿童结核病的重大影响，但目前的指南主要针对成人结核病的治疗和控制。本综述重点关注 15 岁以下儿童的结核病，这是世界卫生组织儿童结核病的标准类别。这项工作的目的是回顾儿童结核病的流行病学、病理生理学和临床表现。强调了在资源匮乏的环境中准确监测、确诊和有效治疗儿童结核病所面临的挑战。
Tuberculosis (TB) is a social disease with medical implications. An estimated one-third of the world's population (2 billion people) is infected with the tubercle bacilli. In the year 2000 alone, an estimated 8.3 million new cases of TB occurred, of which 884,019 (10.7%) were in children. Of the total, 659,379 (75%) occurred in 22 high-burden countries, most of which were resource-poor. Despite a growing body of literature demonstrating the substantial impact made by addressing childhood TB, current guidelines are geared toward the treatment and control of TB in adults. This review focuses on TB disease among children younger than 15 years of age, the standard World Health Organization category for TB in children. The purpose of this work is to review the epidemiology, pathophysiology, and clinical presentation of childhood TB. The challenges of accurate surveillance, confirmation of diagnoses, and effective treatment of childhood TB in resource-poor settings are highlighted.