A Carrington-like geomagnetic storm observed in the 21st century
A Carrington-like geomagnetic storm observed in the 21st century
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DOI：
10.1051/swsc/2015017
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发表时间：
2015-06-23
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Cerrato, Yolanda
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cid, Consuelo;Saiz, Elena;Cerrato, Yolanda
1859年9月，科拉巴天文台测量到有史以来在低纬度地区与太阳活动有关的最极端的地磁扰动：卡林顿风暴。本文描述了一个地磁扰动的情况下，非常相似的轮廓的卡林顿事件在科拉巴的扰动：事件2003年10月29日在匈牙利的蒂哈尼磁观测站。通过对“类卡林顿”事件中不同位置的H场的分析，重新解释了1859年的事件。本文的主要结论是：（a）由于地磁场水平分量H的大尖峰强烈依赖于磁地方时（MLT），全球Dst或SYM-H作为基于平均的指标，错过了2003年10月29日事件中最大的地磁扰动，并可能错过了1859年的扰动;（B）在卡林顿风暴期间在科拉巴记录到的H大幅下降的主要原因不是环电流，而是场向电流（FACs）;（c）H尖峰的非常局部的特征意味着类似卡林顿的事件可能比预期的更频繁地发生。
In September 1859 the Colaba observatory measured the most extreme geomagnetic disturbance ever recorded at low latitudes related to solar activity: the Carrington storm. This paper describes a geomagnetic disturbance case with a profile extraordinarily similar to the disturbance of the Carrington event at Colaba: the event on 29 October 2003 at Tihany magnetic observatory in Hungary. The analysis of the H-field at different locations during the "Carrington-like'' event leads to a re-interpretation of the 1859 event. The major conclusions of the paper are the following: (a) the global Dst or SYM-H, as indices based on averaging, missed the largest geomagnetic disturbance in the 29 October 2003 event and might have missed the 1859 disturbance, since the large spike in the horizontal component (H) of terrestrial magnetic field depends strongly on magnetic local time (MLT); (b) the main cause of the large drop in H recorded at Colaba during the Carrington storm was not the ring current but field-aligned currents (FACs); and (c) the very local signatures of the H-spike imply that a Carrington-like event can occur more often than expected.