Between loss and restoration: The role of liminality in advancing theories of grief and bereavement
Between loss and restoration: The role of liminality in advancing theories of grief and bereavement
复制标题
在失去和恢复之间：阈限在推进悲伤和丧亲之痛理论中的作用
DOI：
10.1016/j.socscimed.2024.116616
复制
发表时间：
2024
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Bristowe K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bristowe K
最近对丧偶伴侣进行的一项全国性调查发现，人们存在高度复杂的悲痛和心理困扰，有证据表明，孤独和孤立可能会导致这些结果。然而，这方面的行动机制还没有得到探索。为了推进悲痛理论，本文报告了对调查自由文本数据的分析，以考察社会支持与丧亲情绪反应之间的关系。6-10个月前失去民事伴侣或配偶的个人通过死亡登记数据进行识别。收到569/1945份(29%)已完成的调查。在这些受访者中，有311人(55%)回答了两个自由文本问题，这两个问题是关于他们“在伴侣或配偶去世后的感受”和“关于他们周围的支持”。使用语料库辅助的语篇分析和比喻语言的语篇动力学方法对数据进行分析。参与者描述了对丧亲的不同情绪反应(如悲伤、愤怒、否认、接受)，以及正式和非正式丧亲支持的价值。虽然所描述的许多经历在现有的悲伤理论中都得到了解释，但一些参与者描述了一种在这些理论中没有被认识到的极限经历。他们感觉被困住了，无法承受损失或恢复，无法继续前进，因为他们计划的未来已不复存在。他们寻求“社区”(体验中的团结)，但经常发现他们的社交网络的支持已经减少。比喻被用来描述这种有限，伴侣的悲伤被表达为一种黑暗的代理力量、怪物、深渊和水。这项研究的发现为我们提供了对丧失亲人的经历和轨迹的独到见解，以及我们对长期或复杂悲痛的理解。一个新的模型“在损失和恢复之间”被提出以包含这些经验。在悲痛经历的范围内认识到有限的地位可以加强悲痛知识，并改进正式和非正式的丧亲支助提供。
A recent national survey of bereaved partners found high levels of complicated grief and psychological distress, with evidence that loneliness and isolation may contribute to these outcomes. However, the mechanisms of action for this have not been explored. To advance grief theory this paper reports analysis of the survey free-text data to examine the relationship between social support and emotional responses to bereavement. Individuals bereaved of a civil partner or spouse 6–10 months previously were identified through death registration data. 569/1945 (29 %) completed surveys were received. Of those, 311 participants (55 %) provided responses to two free-text questions which asked about their ‘feelings since the death of their partner or spouse’, and ‘about the support around’ them. Data were analysed using corpus-assisted discourse analysis and the discourse dynamics approach for figurative language. Participants described diverse emotional responses to the bereavement (e.g. sadness, anger, denial, acceptance), and the value of formal and informal bereavement support. Although many of the experiences described are accounted for in existing grief theory, some participants described a liminal experience not recognised within these theories. They felt trapped, unable to engage with loss or restoration, and unable to move forward as their planned future no longer existed. They sought out ‘communitas’ (solidarity in experiences), but often found support from their social networks had diminished. Metaphors were used to describe this liminality, with partner grief expressed as a dark agentic force, a monster, an abyss, and as water. The findings of this study offer original insights into experiences and trajectories of bereavement, and our understandings of prolonged or complicated grief. A novel model ‘Between Loss and Restoration’ is presented to include these experiences. Recognition of the place for liminality within the spectrum of grief experiences could enhance grief literacy and improve formal and informal bereavement support provision.