Creatine kinase: structure-activity relationships.
Creatine kinase: structure-activity relationships.
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肌酸激酶：结构-活性关系。
DOI：
10.1002/9780470122990.ch6
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发表时间：
1983
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Reed,GH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kenyon,GL;Reed,GH
(1)长期以来，磷酸肌酸一直被认为是肌肉、心脏和大脑中所谓的高能磷酸盐的储存库（1,2），根据需要提供生物能量学中的主要能量来源ATP。最近对完整肌肉和心脏的非侵入性31p核磁共振研究已经很好地证实了肌酸激酶反应在使用磷酸肌酸作为这些器官的能量库中的经典作用（3-8）。然而，这种酶已被证明在许多其他组织中也存在，现在人们认为，在脊椎动物中，只要ATP依赖反应需要高水平的ATP，它就参与提供能量。例如，肌酸激酶被认为参与离子跨膜运输，如肌浆网和细胞表面（9-13），并参与小鼠腹膜巨噬细胞的吞噬（14）。肌酸激酶还涉及糖酵解的控制（15），与肌肉收缩能量需求相关的线粒体呼吸（16-21），脑突触体膜中atp依赖的神经递质物质的释放（22），以及维持肌肉m线肌丝的新而独特的结构作用（23-25）。其他工作者（26-30）报道了支持肌酸激酶与肌球蛋白头直接相关的证据，这表明肌酸激酶在肌肉收缩过程中起着非常密切的作用。最后，Eckert等人（31）使用特异性抗体来寻找证据。Koons等人（32）使用免疫荧光方法在非肌肉细胞的有丝分裂纺锤体中定位了肌酸激酶，这表明肌酸激酶参与有丝分裂的能量供应。Silver等人（33）也证实了肌酸激酶在分离纺锤体制剂中的活性。
(1) Phosphocreatine has long been considered to be a reservoir of so-called high-energy phosphate in muscle, heart, and brain (1, 2), supplying ATP, the primary energy source in bioenergetics, upon demand. Recent noninvasive 31 P NMR studies on intact muscle and heart have elegantly verified this classically proposed role of the creatine kinase reaction in using phosphocreatine as such an energy reservoir in these organs (3-8). The enzyme has, however, been shown to occur in many other tissues, and it is now thought to be involved in supplying energy in vertebrates wherever high levels of ATP are required for ATPase-dependent reactions. For example, creatine kinase is thought to be involved in ion transport across membranes such as those of the sarcoplasmic reticulum and cell surfaces (9-13) and to be involved in phagocytosis in mouse peritoneal macrophages (14). Creatine kinase has also been implicated in the control of glycolysis (15), in mitochondrial respiration in relation to the energy needs of muscle contraction (16-21), in the ATP-dependent release of neurotransmitter substances in brain synaptosomal membranes (22), and in a novel and solely structural role in maintaining myofilaments in register at the M-line of muscle (23-25). Other workers (26-30) have reported evidence in support of a direct association of creatine kinase with myosin heads, suggestive of a highly intimate role for creatine kinase in the muscle contractile process. Finally, Eckert et al.(31) have used specific antibodies to find evidence. for association of creatine kinase to the cytoskeleton of cultured mammalian cells, and Koons et al.(32) have used immunofluorescence methods to localize creatine kinase in the mitotic spindle of nonmuscle cells, suggesting involvement of creatine kinase in energy supply for mitosis. Silver et al.(33) have also demonstrated creatine kinase activity in isolated spindle preparations.