STREAM HEALTH AFTER URBANIZATION 1
STREAM HEALTH AFTER URBANIZATION 1
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1752-1688.2000.tb05717.x
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发表时间：
2000-10
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
J. K. Finkenbine;J. Atwater;D. Mavinic
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. K. Finkenbine;J. Atwater;D. Mavinic
摘要：城市发展已经损害了低级产卵和育苗溪流中鱼类栖息地的物理要素的质量。为了确定河流修复的优先事项，在不列颠哥伦比亚省温哥华附近对一些河流进行了实地调查。所有的溪流都位于大约20年前城市化的集水区。研究流域的总不透水面积从5%到77%(TIA百分比)。与农村河流相比，城市河床的细粒物质较少，砾石内溶解氧值略高。碎石质量的改善归因于不透水区域产生的更高的峰值流量，以及城市分水岭中细颗粒物质的减少。当不透水性超过40%时，夏季基流量一致较低，这体现在流速的下降而不是水深。大型木质碎屑(LWD)在所有河流中都很稀少，TIA占20%。一个健康的缓冲区和丰富的LWD被发现稳定了河岸。随钻测井的引入被认为是河流恢复的最重要战略。相比之下，如果在溪流达到城市平衡后建造雨水滞留池塘，则得出的结论是几乎没有水文效益。
ABSTRACT: Urban development has compromised the quality of physical elements offish habitat in low‐order spawning and rearing streams. In order to identify where priorities should lie in stream rehabilitation, field surveys of a number of streams were conducted near Vancouver, British Columbia. All of the streams were located in watersheds which were urbanized approximately 20 years earlier. The study watersheds ranged from 5 to 77 percent total impervious area (percent TIA). The urban streambeds were found to have less fine material and slightly higher values of intragravel dissolved oxygen than in rural streams. This improved gravel quality is attributed to the higher peak flows generated by impervious areas, and the reduced recruitment of fine material in the urban watersheds. Summer base flow was uniformly low when imperviousness was above 40 percent, evidenced by a decrease in velocity rather than water depth. Large woody debris (LWD) was scarce in all streams with > 20 percent TIA. A healthy buffer zone and abundant LWD were found to stabilize stream banks. The introduction of LWD is considered the most important strategy for stream rehabilitation. Stormwater detention ponds, in contrast, are concluded to have few hydrological benefits if constructed after a stream has reached its urban equilibrium.