Epidemiological study on infectious diarrheal diseases in children in a coastal rural area of Kenya
Epidemiological study on infectious diarrheal diseases in children in a coastal rural area of Kenya
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1348-0421.1997.tb01925.x
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发表时间：
1997-01-01
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Honda, T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Saidi, SM;Iijima, Y;Honda, T
腹泻病是发展中国家儿童发病和死亡的主要原因。我们分析了居住在农村环境但在肯尼亚沿海城镇马林迪的一家医院就诊的5岁以下儿童腹泻的病原体。细菌性腹泻239例（27.7%）。从119例（13.8%）患者中分离出致腹泻性大肠杆菌，包括肠致病性、肠出血性和肠出血性菌株，其次是沙门氏菌。(63例，占7.3%; (56例，占6.5%。109例（12.6%）患者发现肠道寄生虫。溶组织内阿米巴67例（7.8%），蓝氏贾第鞭毛虫42例（4.9%）。在428例病例中发现69例（16.1%）轮状病毒，这是862例病例的一部分。在弯曲杆菌引起的腹泻病例中，年龄分布存在显著差异，G.兰氏杆菌和轮状病毒。未发现特定病原体的显著季节性发病率，但疟疾患者的数量与降雨量显著相关。98%的家庭饮用水被细菌污染，浓度范围为10（3）至10（6）CFU/ml，72%的家庭饮用水被大肠菌群污染，浓度范围为10（2）至10（5）CFU/ml。这些结果表明，感染的主要途径可能是受污染的饮用水和肠道病原体的粪-口传播。因此，我们建议通过健康教育加强卫生行为是一个可行的控制措施，在研究区的腹泻。
Diarrheal diseases are major causes of morbidity and mortality among children in developing countries. We have analyzed the causative agents of diarrhea in children under five years of age who resided in rural environments but attended a hospital in Malindi, a coastal town in Kenya. Bacterial diarrhea was found in 239 (27.7%) of 862 patients with diarrhea. Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli, including enteropathogenic, enterotoxigenic, and enterohaemorrhagic strains, was isolated from 119 (13,8%) patients, followed by Salmonella spp. (63 cases, 7.3%) and Shigella spp. (56 cases, 6.5%). Intestinal parasites were found in 109 (12.6%) of the patients. Entamoeba histolytica and Giardia lamblia were found in 67 (7.8%) and 42 (4.9%) of the cases, respectively. Rotavirus was found in 69 (16.1%) of 428 cases, a part of the 862 cases. Significant differences in age distribution were seen in diarrheal cases due to Campylobacter spp., G. lamblia, and rotavirus. No significant seasonal incidence of specific pathogens was found, but the number of diarrheal patients was significantly correlated to rainfall. Drinking water was contaminated with bacteria at concentrations ranging from 10(3) to 10(6) CFU/ml in 98% of the households and by coliform bacteria at concentrations of 10(2) to 10(5) CFU/ml in 72% of the households. These results suggest that the main routes of infection may be contaminated drinking water and fecal-oral transmission of enteric pathogens. Consequently, we propose that the enhancement of hygienic practice through health education is a feasible control measure of diarrhea in the study area.