Tissue-Specific cis-Regulatory Divergence Implicates eloF in Inhibiting Interspecies Mating in Drosophila
Tissue-Specific cis-Regulatory Divergence Implicates eloF in Inhibiting Interspecies Mating in Drosophila
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DOI：
10.1016/j.cub.2018.10.036
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发表时间：
2018-12-17
期刊：
影响因子：
9.2
通讯作者：
Fraser, Hunter B.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Combs, Peter A.;Krupp, Joshua J.;Fraser, Hunter B.
生殖隔离是物种形成的关键组成部分。在许多昆虫中，这种隔离的主要驱动因素是表皮的碳氢化合物信息素，它有助于识别潜在的种内配偶[1-3]。当亲缘种分布重叠时，由于种间杂交具有显著的适应度成本[10]，种内配偶的选择可能存在强烈的选择[4-9]。果蝇一直是研究生殖隔离的关键模型；尽管对雄性和雌性择偶进行了广泛的研究[6,11 -16]，但物种识别背后的基因在很大程度上仍然未知。为了探索果蝇物种形成的分子机制，我们使用RNA测序（RNA-seq）测量了果蝇与果蝇杂交后代的组织特异性顺式调控差异。通过关注雌性卵泡细胞（产生角质层碳氢化合物的组织）特异性的顺式调控变化，我们迅速确定了少量候选基因。我们发现其中一种，脂肪酸延长酶eloF，广泛地影响存在于D. sechellia和D. melanogaster雌性体内的碳氢化合物，以及D. simulans雄性与它们交配的倾向。因此，eloF的顺式调控变化可能是拟马虎与其他多种物种性隔离的主要驱动因素。我们的RNA-seq方法在鉴定候选基因方面被证明比数量性状位点（QTL）定位更有效；同样的框架可以用来确定候选驱动因素的顺式调控差异的性状不同于任何干涉物种。
Reproductive isolation is a key component of speciation. In many insects, a major driver of this isolation is cuticular hydrocarbon pheromones, which help to identify potential intraspecific mates [1-3]. When the distributions of related species overlap, there may be strong selection on mate choice for intraspecific partners [4-9] because interspecific hybridization carries significant fitness costs [10]. Drosophila has been a key model for the investigation of reproductive isolation; although both male and female mate choices have been extensively investigated [6, 11-16], the genes underlying species recognition remain largely unknown. To explore the molecular mechanisms underlying Drosophila speciation, we measured tissue-specific cis-regulatory divergence using RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) in D. simulans x D. sechellia hybrids. By focusing on cis-regulatory changes specific to female oenocytes, the tissue that produces cuticular hydrocarbons, we rapidly identified a small number of candidate genes. We found that one of these, the fatty acid elongase eloF, broadly affects the hydrocarbons present on D. sechellia and D. melanogaster females, as well as the propensity of D. simulans males to mate with them. Therefore, cis-regulatory changes in eloF may be a major driver in the sexual isolation of D. simulans from multiple other species. Our RNA-seq approach proved to be far more efficient than quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping in identifying candidate genes; the same framework can be used to pinpoint candidate drivers of cis-regulatory divergence in traits differing between any interfertile species.