Autism Spectrum Disorder and Autistic Traits in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children: Precursors and Early Signs
Autism Spectrum Disorder and Autistic Traits in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children: Precursors and Early Signs
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jaac.2011.12.009
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发表时间：
2012-03-01
影响因子：
13.3
通讯作者：
Steer, Colin D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bolton, Patrick F.;Golding, Jean;Steer, Colin D.
目的：绘制雅芳父母和儿童纵向研究中自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 和自闭症特征的前兆和早期迹象的出现情况，该研究是一项前瞻性纵向队列研究，研究对象为英格兰西南部 14,541 名预产期在 1991 年 4 月至 1992 年 12 月之间的孕妇的幸存后代。方法：父母对其婴儿发育的同期报告（截至 2019 年收集的 241 份问卷答复） 30 个月大）的研究与 11 岁时（n = 86）诊断为自闭症谱系障碍的关系以及通过因子分析得出的自闭症特征测量结果进行了检查。结果：在后来被诊断为自闭症谱系障碍的儿童中，第一年更常报告对视力和听力的担忧，并且从 6 个月大起，社交、沟通和精细运动技能的差异就很明显。第二年报告了重复行为以及玩耍、模仿和进食习惯的差异。性格差异在 24 个月大时出现，排便习惯则在 30 个月大时出现。所有这些早期迹象都与其他人群中自闭症特征的存在密切相关，并且这些差异在发育的第一年通常很明显。在发育的前 30 个月中，对后来的自闭症谱系障碍和自闭症特征的最佳预测因素包括丹佛发育筛查测试中的社会成就和沟通分数、麦克阿瑟婴儿交际发展量表中的交际技能测量（词汇和组合词）以及重复行为分数。结论：一般人群的儿童在发育的第一年就报告了先兆、早期迹象和其他发育差异，这些儿童随后出现了自闭症谱系障碍和更微妙的自闭症特征。随着开发的进展，其他差异也出现并显现出来。研究结果证实了长期以来的怀疑，即早期差异强调了自闭症谱系障碍和更广泛的自闭症表型的多方面性质，并强调了社交沟通技能障碍的核心地位。 J. Am.阿卡德。儿童青少年。精神病学，2012；51(3)：249-260。
Objective: To chart the emergence of precursors and early signs of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and autistic traits in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children, a prospective longitudinal cohort study of the surviving offspring of 14,541 pregnant women from southwestern England with an expected delivery date between April 1991 and December 1992. Method: Parents' contemporaneous reports of their infant's development (241 questionnaire responses collected up to 30 months of age) were examined in relation to the diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder by age 11 years (n = 86) and a measure of autistic traits, derived by factor analysis. Results: Among the children later diagnosed with ASD, concerns about vision and hearing were more often reported in the first year, and differences in social, communication, and fine motor skills were evident from 6 months of age. Repetitive behaviors and differences in play, imitation, and feeding habits were reported in the second year. Differences in temperament emerged at 24 months of age and bowel habit by 30 months. All of these early signs were strongly associated with the presence of autistic traits in the rest of the population and these differences were often evident in the first year of development. Over the first 30 months of development, the best predictors of both later ASD and autistic traits included the Social Achievement and Communication scores from the Denver Developmental Screening Test, measures of communicative skills (Vocabulary and Combines Words) from the MacArthur Infant Communicative Development Inventories, and a repetitive behavior score. Conclusions: Precursors, early signs, and other developmental differences were reported in the first year of development among children from the general population who later developed autism spectrum disorder and subtler autistic traits. Other differences emerged and unfolded as development progressed. The findings confirm the long-held suspicion that early differences underscore the multifaceted nature of autism spectrum disorder and the broader autism phenotype, and highlight the centrality of impairments in social communication skills. J. Am. Acad. Child Adolesc. Psychiatry, 2012;51(3):249-260.