Turbulence velocity profiling for high sensitivity and vertical-resolution atmospheric characterization with Stereo-SCIDAR
Turbulence velocity profiling for high sensitivity and vertical-resolution atmospheric characterization with Stereo-SCIDAR
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DOI：
10.1093/mnras/stw2685
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发表时间：
2017-01
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
J. Osborn;T. Butterley;M. Townson;A. Reeves;T. Morris;R. Wilson
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Osborn;T. Butterley;M. Townson;A. Reeves;T. Morris;R. Wilson
随着望远镜的大型化，进入40 m超大望远镜时代，高分辨率的光学湍流强度垂直剖面对光学系统的验证、优化和运行至关重要。大气光学湍流速度是天文自适应光学系统等应用的重要参数。在这里，我们比较垂直剖面的大气风以上的拉帕尔马的立体闪烁探测和测距（立体SCIDAR）与全球预报系统模型和附近的气球载无线电探空仪的比较。我们使用这些数据来验证安装在2.5米艾萨克牛顿望远镜，拉帕尔马的立体SCIDAR仪器的自动光学湍流速度识别。通过比较这些数据，我们推断，湍流速度和风速是一致的，自动识别的Stereo-SCIDAR湍流速度是精确的。湍流速度可以用于增加湍流强度分布的灵敏度，因为可以用速度矢量检测可能被误解为噪声的较弱湍流。湍流速度还可以用于增加检测到的层的高度分辨率，因为速度矢量的高度可以被识别为比系统的原生分辨率更高的精度。我们还展示了复杂的速度结构的例子，在大气层的界面处的风切变引起的湍流层。
As telescopes become larger, into the era of ∼40 m Extremely Large Telescopes, the high-resolution vertical profile of the optical turbulence strength is critical for the validation, optimization and operation of optical systems. The velocity of atmospheric optical turbulence is an important parameter for several applications including astronomical adaptive optics systems. Here, we compare the vertical profile of the velocity of the atmospheric wind above La Palma by means of a comparison of Stereo-SCIntillation Detection And Ranging (Stereo-SCIDAR) with the Global Forecast System models and nearby balloon-borne radiosondes. We use these data to validate the automated optical turbulence velocity identification from the Stereo-SCIDAR instrument mounted on the 2.5 m Isaac Newton Telescope, La Palma. By comparing these data we infer that the turbulence velocity and the wind velocity are consistent and that the automated turbulence velocity identification of the Stereo-SCIDAR is precise. The turbulence velocities can be used to increase the sensitivity of the turbulence strength profiles, as weaker turbulence that may be misinterpreted as noise can be detected with a velocity vector. The turbulence velocities can also be used to increase the altitude resolution of a detected layer, as the altitude of the velocity vectors can be identified to a greater precision than the native resolution of the system. We also show examples of complex velocity structure within a turbulent layer caused by wind shear at the interface of atmospheric zones.