Interspecific competition in phytoplankton drives the availability of essential mineral and biochemical nutrients.
Interspecific competition in phytoplankton drives the availability of essential mineral and biochemical nutrients.
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DOI：
10.1890/14-1915.1
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发表时间：
2015-09
期刊：
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
A. Wacker;Vanessa Marzetz;Elly Spikerman
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. Wacker;Vanessa Marzetz;Elly Spikerman
竞争和多样性的根本机制和后果是生态学的中心主题。初级生产者的多样性越高，水生和陆地生态系统的资源利用效率越高。这一方面可能会导致消费者获得更多的食物，另一方面也会导致消费者的食物质量下降；较高的生物量与相同的限制性化合物利用率相结合，直接降低了限制性化合物的膳食比例。在这里，我们测试了浮游植物群落中的种间竞争是否以及如何导致资源利用效率以及营养物和脂肪酸的细胞浓度的变化。将测得的群落中颗粒碳：磷比率（C：P）和脂肪酸浓度与同时运行的单一培养物的理论预期比率和测量浓度进行比较。通过种间竞争，浮游植物群落的单不饱和脂肪酸油酸浓度以及生态和生理相关的长链多不饱和脂肪酸二十碳五烯酸的浓度比基于单一培养物的预期浓度高得多。必需脂肪酸的较高可用性可能有助于浮游植物多样性和浮游动物生长之间的正相关关系，并且可以补偿较高营养水平中矿物质营养素的限制。
The underlying mechanisms and consequences of competition and diversity are central themes in ecology. A higher diversity of primary, producers often results in higher resource use efficiency in aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. This may result in more food for consumers on one hand, while, on the other hand, it can also result in a decreased food quality for consumers; higher biomass combined with the same availability of the limiting compound directly reduces the dietary proportion of the limiting compound. Here we tested whether and how interspecific competition in phytoplankton communities leads to changes in resource use efficiency and cellular concentrations of nutrients and fatty acids. The measured particulate carbon: phosphorus ratios (C:P) and fatty acid concentrations in the communities were compared to the theoretically expected ratios and concentrations of measurements on simultaneously running monocultures. With interspecific competition, phytoplankton communities had higher concentrations of the monounsaturated fatty acid oleic acid and also much higher concentrations of the ecologically and physiologically relevant long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid eicosapentaenoic acid than expected concentrations based on monocultures. Such higher availability of essential fatty acids may contribute to the positive relationship between phytoplankton diversity and zooplankton growth, and may compensate limitations by mineral nutrients in higher trophic levels.