FTIR microspectroscopic study of cell types and potential confounding variables in screening for cervical malignancies.
FTIR microspectroscopic study of cell types and potential confounding variables in screening for cervical malignancies.
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DOI：
10.1002/(sici)1520-6343(1998)4:2
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发表时间：
1998
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
B. Wood;Michael A. Quinn;Brian D. Tait;Martin Leonard Ashdown;Tracey Hislop;Melissa Romeo;Donald McNaug
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文献类型：
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作者：
B. Wood;Michael A. Quinn;Brian D. Tait;Martin Leonard Ashdown;Tracey Hislop;Melissa Romeo;Donald McNaug
FTIR 显微镜用于分析巴氏涂片中存在的细胞类型和其他变量，以确定红外光谱在宫颈癌和发育不良诊断中的局限性。研究发现，白细胞，特别是淋巴细胞，在磷酸二酯区域（1300-900 cm[-1]）具有光谱特征，提示先前描述的恶性肿瘤变化。宫颈内膜细胞和成纤维细胞与 HeLa 细胞具有相似的光谱特征，因此也可能混淆诊断。使用乙醇作为固定剂和脱水剂可保留宫颈细胞类型中的糖原，从而最大限度地减少采样技术导致的糖原区域的光谱变化。精液的光谱在磷酸二酯/碳水化合物区域表现出强谱带；然而，通过在 981/968 cm(-1) 处存在独特的双峰，应该可以轻松检测到精子污染。红细胞光谱显示糖原带强度降低，但可以通过强度相对较低的 nu(s) PO2- 带来辨别。宫颈内粘蛋白光谱显示糖原带减少和非常明显的 nu(s) PO2- 带，其强度与 HeLa 细胞中的相应带相似。血小板在磷酸二酯区域具有较强的条带，但可以通过在 980 和 935 cm(-1) 处存在两条小宽带来将血小板与其他细胞类型区分开来。白色念珠菌的特征是多糖区域中的强条带，如果白色念珠菌大量存在，则可能会掩盖诊断条带。女性生殖道常见细菌的光谱，一般来说，在多糖区域也有很强的吸收；然而，细菌污染通常很少，预计不会掩盖宫颈细胞光谱。宫颈取样工具的尼龙线和刷毛可产生特有的红外轮廓，便于识别。考虑到与宫颈细胞学相关的潜在混杂变量的数量，在临床实验室实施 FTIR 技术之前，似乎有必要进行多变量统计或神经网络分析。
FTIR microscopy was applied to the analysis of cell types and other variables present in Pap smears to ascertain the limitations of infrared spectroscopy in the diagnosis of cervical cancer and dysplasia. It was found that leukocytes, and in particular lymphocytes, have spectral features in the phosphodiester region (1300-900 cm[-1]) suggestive of what has previously been described as changes indicative of malignancy. Endocervical cells and fibroblasts have similar spectral features to HeLa cells and consequently could also confound diagnosis. The use of ethanol as a fixative and dehydrating agent results in retention of glycogen in cervical cell types and thus minimizes spectral changes in the glycogen region due to sampling technique. Spectra of seminal fluids exhibit strong bands in the phosphodiester/carbohydrate region; however, sperm contamination should be easily detectable by the presence of a distinctive doublet at 981/968 cm(-1). Erythrocyte spectra exhibit a reduction in glycogen band intensity, but can be discerned by a relatively low-intensity nu(s) PO2- band. Endocervical mucin spectra exhibit a reduction in glycogen bands and a very pronounced nu(s) PO2- band, which is similar in intensity to the corresponding band in HeLa cells. Thrombocytes have strong bands in the phosphodiester region, but thrombocytes can be discerned from other cell types by the presence of two small broad bands at 980 and 935 cm(-1). Candida albicans is characterized by strong bands in the polysaccharide region which could potentially obscure diagnostic bands if C. albicans is present in large numbers. Spectra of bacteria common to the female genital tract, in general, also have strong absorptions in the polysaccharide region; however, bacterial contamination is usually minimal and would not be expected to obscure cervical cell spectra. Nylon threads and bristles from cervical sampling implements produce characteristic IR profiles which allow for easy identification. Given the number of potential confounding variables associated with cervical cytology, a multivariate statistical or neural network analysis would appear to be necessary before the implementation of FTIR technology in clinical laboratories.