HOST RACE RADIATION IN THE SOAPBERRY BUG - NATURAL-HISTORY WITH THE HISTORY
HOST RACE RADIATION IN THE SOAPBERRY BUG - NATURAL-HISTORY WITH THE HISTORY
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1558-5646.1992.tb00619.x
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发表时间：
1992-08-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
BOYD, C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
CARROLL, SP;BOYD, C
自然选择的进化是非常有据可查的，在其本地和最近引进的宿主植物上，无患子虫种群的多样化。在本世纪，这种本地食籽昆虫的种群已经殖民了三种引入北美的植物物种。每一个新的宿主在果实大小上都与本地宿主不同，这为昆虫喙长的自然选择提供了一个无计划的实验。在每三个主机转移，喙长增加或减少的方向预测从水果大小。此外，博物馆标本显示历史变化与从当代种群喙长值推断的宿主转移情景一致。在何种程度上喙长的进化一直伴随着其他身体大小的字符的进化不同的种族之间，这表明在每种情况下，进化进行了不同的。在所有情况下，显著的进化都发生在短短20-50年（40-150代）内，创造了一个物种水平的马赛克反应，同时定向，多样化和标准化选择。
Evolution by natural selection is remarkably well documented in the diversification of soapberry bug populations on their native and recently introduced host plants. In this century, populations of this native seed-eating insect have colonized three plant species introduced to North America. Each new host differs in fruit size from the native hosts, providing an unplanned experiment in natural selection of the insect's beak length. In each of three host shifts, beak length has increased or decreased in the direction predicted from fruit size. Furthermore, museum specimens show historical changes consistent with the host shift scenario inferred from beak length values in contemporary populations. The extent to which beak length evolution has been accompanied by evolution in other body size characters differs between the races, suggesting that the evolution has proceeded differently in each case. In all cases, significant evolution has occurred in as little as 20-50 years (40-150 generations), creating a species-level mosaic of response to simultaneous directional, diversifying, and normalizing selection.