Evaluation of the Effect of Wind Velocity and Soil Moisture Condition on Soil Erosion in Andosol Agricultural Fields (Model Experiment)
Evaluation of the Effect of Wind Velocity and Soil Moisture Condition on Soil Erosion in Andosol Agricultural Fields (Model Experiment)
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DOI：
10.3390/w11010098
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发表时间：
2019-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
K. Yuge;Mitsumasa Anan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
K. Yuge;Mitsumasa Anan
土壤风蚀是土壤严重退化的重要现象。在日本，风对农业田的侵蚀严重，农业生产力受到严重影响。研究了风速和土壤水分条件对农田土壤侵蚀的影响。此外，我们确定了灌溉水的时间和数量，以防止土壤侵蚀的风与风和土壤水分条件。利用连续性方程和Navier-Stokes方程建立了一个模拟裸土流场的数值模型。利用风洞试验研究了4种土壤水分条件和5种风速下的土壤侵蚀程度。利用实测的土壤风蚀量，反演了4种土壤水分条件下的可蚀性参数。利用该参数计算的土壤侵蚀量与实测值吻合较好。这些结果表明，可以确定土壤侵蚀发生的土壤水分和风力条件，并可以预测土壤侵蚀量。利用这些条件和可蚀性参数，定量计算了防止土壤侵蚀所需的灌溉量，并评价了灌溉对土壤侵蚀的影响。
Soil erosion by the wind is an important phenomenon in drastic soil degradation. In Japan, andosol agricultural field is eroded by the wind and agricultural productivity is significantly affected. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of wind velocity and soil moisture condition on the soil erosion in andosol agricultural fields. Also, we determined the timing and amount of irrigation water needed to prevent soil erosion by the wind with respect to the wind and soil moisture conditions. A numerical model to simulate airflow in bare andosol field was developed using a continuity equation and Navier Stokes equations. Wind tunnel experiments which described a bare andosol field were performed to measure the degree of soil erosion for four levels of soil moisture condition and five wind velocities. Using the measured amount of soil transferred by wind, the erodibility parameter in Bagnold’s method that quantifies soil erosion was estimated inversely for four soil moisture values. The amounts of soil erosion calculated using this parameter were in good agreement with the measured amounts. These results indicate that the soil moisture and wind conditions under which soil erosion occurs can be determined and the amount of soil erosion can be predicted. Using these conditions and the erodibility parameter, the amount of irrigation needed for the prevention of soil erosion was quantified and the effect of irrigation on soil erosion was evaluated.