Hydrological characteristics of the Gangotri Glacier, central Himalayas, India
Hydrological characteristics of the Gangotri Glacier, central Himalayas, India
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jhydrol.2005.11.060
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发表时间：
2006-07
影响因子：
6.4
通讯作者：
P. Singh;U. Haritashya;Naresh Kumar;Yatveer Singh
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
P. Singh;U. Haritashya;Naresh Kumar;Yatveer Singh
本研究描述了喜马拉雅山最大冰川之一的甘戈特里冰川（286 km ~ 2）的水文特征。这项研究涉及收集和分析附近的Gangotri冰川在连续四个消融季节（5月至10月）（2000年至2003年）的鼻子的流量记录。流量从5月开始增加，在7月达到最高值，然后开始下降。研究期间的日平均流量在8至194 m3 s-1之间变化。径流分配表明，7月径流量最大（30.2%），其次是8月（26.2%）。径流日变化最大的月份是5月和9月。研究冰川的强存储特性反映了在白天和夜间观察到的径流量相当。日变化过程线表明几乎相似的模式，从一年到另一年，最大径流在晚上和最小的早晨。融水径流延迟特征反映了融水季节的时滞（tl）在4.00和7.30h之间变化，而峰值时间（tp）在9.00和12.30h之间变化。月平均流量与温度的关系（R2=0.76）比日尺度（R2=0.50）好得多。
The present study describes the hydrological characteristics of the Gangotri Glacier (286km2), which is one of the largest Himalayan Glaciers. The study involves collection and analysis of streamflow records near the snout of the Gangotri Glacier during four consecutive ablation seasons (May–October) (2000–2003). Discharge increases from May onward, reaches its highest value in July and then starts decreasing. Daily mean discharge during the study period varied between 8 and 194m3s−1. The distribution of runoff has shown that July contributes maximum runoff (30.2%) followed by August (26.2%). Maximum diurnal variability in runoff was observed in the month of May and September. The strong storage characteristics of the study glacier are reflected by a comparable magnitude of runoff observed during daytime and nighttime. Diurnal variations in hydrograph suggested almost similar pattern from year to year, being maximum runoff in the evening and minimum in the morning. Melt-runoff delaying characteristics reflected that over the melt season time lag (tl) varied between 4.00 and 7.30h, whereas time to peak (tp) varied between 9.00 and 12.30h. Relationship between mean monthly discharge and temperature was found to be much better (R2=0.76) than that on daily scale (R2=0.50).