Carbonate mounds as a possible example for microbial activity in geological processes
Carbonate mounds as a possible example for microbial activity in geological processes
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碳酸盐土丘作为地质过程中微生物活动的一个可能的例子
DOI：
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发表时间：
2002
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
S. Guidard
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Henriet;S. Guidard
地质记录中的碳酸盐土丘提供了大量证据，证明微生物在丘的形成和稳定中起着调解作用。先进的模型认为，生物膜可能发挥了突出的作用，在流体和矿物相之间的界面。虽然直到90年代初，几乎没有证据表明晚白垩世以来的泥丘形成，但最近的调查越来越多地报告在现代海洋边缘，特别是在富含碳氢化合物的盆地中出现了大型土丘群。丘状区是重要的海洋边缘系统，迄今为止在很大程度上被忽视。这些最近的土丘区与化石的例子有什么关系？现代土丘区是否提供了一个新的窗口，了解在整个中生代时期建造巨型土丘的微生物群落？这些都是亟待解决的问题，答案只能通过过去的专家，最近的海洋勘探者和微生物学家之间的新对话来解决。一个例子是新的勘探工具的力量，它可以突出控制丘成核和模式的早期成岩作用-通常是微生物驱动的过程。新的见解可以为新的采样机会铺平道路，无论是通过有针对性的表面采样还是通过钻井进行的受控地下采样。
Carbonate mounds from the geological record provide ample evidence of microbial mediation in mound buildup and stabilization. Advanced models argue for the prominent role which biofilms may have played at the interface between the fluid and mineral phases. While up to the early nineties, there was little evidence of mud-mound formation from Late Cretaceous times onwards, recent investigations have increasingly reported occurrences of large mound clusters on modern ocean margins, in particular in basins rich in hydrocarbons. Mound provinces are significant ocean margin systems, up to now largely overlooked. How do such recent mound provinces relate to the fossil examples, and do the modern mound provinces provide a new window on the microbiota that were instrumental in building giant mounds throughout Phanerozoic times? These are burning questions, and the answer will only come through a new dialogue between experts of the past, explorationists of the recent ocean, and microbiologists. An example is given of the power of new exploration tools, which can highlight controls on mound nucleation and patterns of early diagenesis — typically microbially driven processes. New insights can pave the way for new sampling opportunities, both by targeted surface sampling and controlled subsurface sampling through drilling.