Structural encoding processes contribute to individual differences in face and object cognition: Inferences from psychometric test performance and event-related brain potentials
Structural encoding processes contribute to individual differences in face and object cognition: Inferences from psychometric test performance and event-related brain potentials
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.cortex.2017.08.017
复制
发表时间：
2017-10
期刊：
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
H. N. Rostami;W. Sommer;Changsong Zhou;O. Wilhelm;A. Hildebrandt
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
H. N. Rostami;W. Sommer;Changsong Zhou;O. Wilhelm;A. Hildebrandt
事件相关电位（ERP）中对面孔刺激的增强的N1成分，称为N170，被认为是面孔的结构编码。以前，N170潜伏期的个体差异与面部和物体认知能力有关。通过正交操纵心理测量和脑电任务中的内容域（facesvsobtain）和任务要求（easy/speedvsdifficult/accuracy），我们研究了与物体认知相比，面孔认知过程的独特性以及N1/N170成分在多大程度上可以解释面孔和物体认知能力的个体差异。数据记录自N = 198名健康年轻成人。结构方程模型（SEM）证实，面孔知觉（FP）和记忆的准确性是特定的能力以上的一般对象认知，相反，面孔加工的速度是不可区分的对象认知的速度。尽管N170与N1共有相当大的域一般方差，但N170中存在显著的面部特异性方差。大脑-行为关系表明，更快的面部结构编码过程与更高的面部感知和记忆准确性相关。此外，在困难的任务条件下，与简单的任务相比，识别面部和物体刺激还需要质的不同的过程。N170波幅中的难度相关方差分量与面孔和物体记忆（OM）成绩有关。我们讨论的影响，了解个人差异的面孔认知。
The enhanced N1 component in event-related potentials (ERP) to face stimuli, termed N170, is considered to indicate the structural encoding of faces. Previously, individual differences in the latency of the N170 have been related to face and object cognition abilities. By orthogonally manipulating content domain (facesvsobjects) and task demands (easy/speedvsdifficult/accuracy) in both psychometric and EEG tasks, we investigated the uniqueness of the processes underlying face cognition as compared with object cognition and the extent to which the N1/N170 component can explain individual differences in face and object cognition abilities. Data were recorded fromN= 198 healthy young adults. Structural equation modeling (SEM) confirmed that the accuracies of face perception (FP) and memory are specific abilities above general object cognition; in contrast, the speed of face processing was not differentiable from the speed of object cognition. Although there was considerable domain-general variance in the N170 shared with the N1, there was significant face-specific variance in the N170. The brain–behavior relationship showed that faster face-specific processes for structural encoding of faces are associated with higher accuracy in both perceiving and memorizing faces. Moreover, in difficult task conditions, qualitatively different processes are additionally needed for recognizing face and object stimuli as compared with easy tasks. The difficulty-dependent variance components in the N170 amplitude were related with both face and object memory (OM) performance. We discuss implications for understanding individual differences in face cognition.