Reconstructing Austronesian population history in Island Southeast Asia.
Reconstructing Austronesian population history in Island Southeast Asia.
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DOI：
10.1038/ncomms5689
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发表时间：
2014-08-19
影响因子：
16.6
通讯作者：
Reich, David
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Lipson, Mark;Loh, Po-Ru;Patterson, Nick;Moorjani, Priya;Ko, Ying-Chin;Stoneking, Mark;Berger, Bonnie;Reich, David
南岛语遍布半个地球，从复活节岛到马达加斯加。语言学和考古学的证据表明，始于 4,000-5,000 年前的“南岛语扩张”很可能起源于台湾，但当今南岛语人群的祖先仍然存在争议。在这里，我们使用追踪祖先基因流的新方法分析了 56 个人群的全基因组数据，主要关注东南亚岛屿。我们表明，所有抽样的南岛人群体都拥有与台湾原住民的血统比与当今大陆人口的血统更密切的血统。令人惊讶的是，西岛东南亚人口也继承了当今使用南亚语系的人口变种中的血统，而这种语言在历史上几乎是大陆独有的。因此，要么曾经在东南亚岛屿上存在过大量的南岛语族，要么说南岛语的人迁移到并穿过大陆，在那里混合，然后继续前往印度尼西亚西部。 使用南岛语的人口众多且分布广泛，但其历史仍然存在争议。在这里，作者分析了来自东南亚的遗传数据，结果表明所有人群都拥有与台湾原住民最密切相关的血统，而有些人群还包含与南亚语系使用者最接近的成分。
Austronesian languages are spread across half the globe, from Easter Island to Madagascar. Evidence from linguistics and archaeology indicates that the ‘Austronesian expansion,’ which began 4,000–5,000 years ago, likely had roots in Taiwan, but the ancestry of present-day Austronesian-speaking populations remains controversial. Here, we analyse genome-wide data from 56 populations using new methods for tracing ancestral gene flow, focusing primarily on Island Southeast Asia. We show that all sampled Austronesian groups harbour ancestry that is more closely related to aboriginal Taiwanese than to any present-day mainland population. Surprisingly, western Island Southeast Asian populations have also inherited ancestry from a source nested within the variation of present-day populations speaking Austro-Asiatic languages, which have historically been nearly exclusive to the mainland. Thus, either there was once a substantial Austro-Asiatic presence in Island Southeast Asia, or Austronesian speakers migrated to and through the mainland, admixing there before continuing to western Indonesia. Populations speaking Austronesian languages are numerous and widespread, but their history remains controversial. Here, the authors analyse genetic data from Southeast Asia and show that all populations harbour ancestry most closely related to aboriginal Taiwanese, while some also contain a component closest to Austro-Asiatic speakers.