Thyroid hemiagenesis in an endemic goiter area diagnosed by ultrasonography: Report of sixteen patients
Thyroid hemiagenesis in an endemic goiter area diagnosed by ultrasonography: Report of sixteen patients
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DOI：
10.1089/thy.1999.9.1075
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发表时间：
1999-11-01
期刊：
影响因子：
6.6
通讯作者：
Lind, P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mikosch, P;Gallowitsch, HJ;Lind, P
在9年的时间里，71，500例患者在我科接受了甲状腺检查。甲状腺偏侧发育不全16例，其中女性13例，男性3例。15例无左叶，1例无右叶，5例峡部存在。在11名患者中观察到存在相关的肺叶甲状腺疾病（9例弥漫性或结节性甲状腺肿，2例甲状腺自身免疫性疾病）。甲亢1例，甲减7例。甲状腺功能减退症合并偏侧发育不全的病例在文献中并不多见。在我们的调查中，甲状腺功能减退症的高比例可能是由于共存碘缺乏，这可以在4例甲状腺功能减退症患者中得到证实。超声检查是诊断甲状腺偏侧发育不全的关键。细针穿刺活检、实验室检查和甲状腺造影有助于诊断剩余叶内的其他疾病或显示异位甲状腺组织。回顾文献，包括我们的病例，共256例甲状腺偏侧发育不全。其患病率估计在1：1900至1：2675之间。甲状腺偏侧发育不全的左右比例为3.6：1，44%存在峡部。女性与男性的比例为3：1;然而，女性人数较多可能是由于所调查的人群中女性占主导地位而产生的偏见。若按男女平均分布计算，本次调查甲状腺偏侧发育的男女比例仅为1.3：1。
During a period of 9 years, 71,500 patients underwent thyroid investigations at our department. Sixteen patients with thyroid hemiagenesis, 13 women and 3 men, were seen during this period. Fifteen had no left lobe and only 1 had no right lobe, the isthmus was present in 5 patients. Associated thyroid diseases of the lobe that was present could be observed in 11 patients (9 diffuse or nodular goiters, 2 thyroid autoimmune diseases). One patient was hyperthyroid and 7 were hypothyroid. Hypothyroidism associated with hemiagenesis has rarely been reported in the literature. In our survey, the high percentage of hypothyroidism may be explained by coexisting iodine deficiency, which could be verified in 4 hypothyroid patients. Ultrasonography is the key investigation to diagnose thyroid hemiagenesis. Fine-needle aspiration biopsies, laboratory tests, and scintigraphies are useful to diagnose other diseases within the remaining lobe or to visualize ectopic thyroid tissue. Review of the literature, including our cases, presented a total of 256 patients with thyroid hemiagenesis. Its prevalence can be estimated between 1:1900 and 1:2675. Left to right ratio of thyroid hemiagenesis is 3.6:1 with an isthmus present in 44%. The female-to-male ratio is 3:1; however, the larger number of females is probably based on a bias due to a female predominance of the populations investigated. On the basis of an equal distribution of both sexes, the female-to-male ratio of thyroid hemiagenesis would be only 1.3:1 in our survey.